[The Book of Virtues] - Libri i Vlerave - [كِتَابُ الْمَنَاقِبِ]

14288 - On the authority of Urwa ibn al-Zubayr, who said: Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, his name was Abdullah ibn Uthman ibn Amir ibn Amr ibn Ka'b ibn Sa'd ibn Taym ibn Murrah ibn Lu'ayy. He witnessed the Battle of Badr with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). The mother of Abu Bakr was Umm al-Khayr: Salma bint Sakhr ibn Amir ibn Amr ibn Ka'b ibn Sa'd ibn Taym ibn Murrah ibn Lu'ayy ibn Ghalib ibn Fihr ibn Malik. The mother of Umm al-Khayr was Dilaf, and she was Umaymah bint Ubayd ibn al-Naqid al-Khuza'i. The grandmother of Abu Bakr, the mother of Abu Quhafa, was Aminah bint Abd al-Uzza ibn Hurthan ibn Awf ibn Ubayd ibn Uwayj ibn Adi ibn Ka'b.

14289 - On the authority of 'Abdullah bin al-Zubayr: that the Prophet (pbuh) looked towards Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: "This is Allah's emancipated one from the Fire." From that day on he was named 'Atiq, while his name prior to that was 'Abdullah bin 'Uthman.

14290 - And on the authority of Aisha, she said: By Allah, I was in my house one day while the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was in the courtyard with his companions, and the screen was between me and them, when Abu Bakr approached. The Prophet (pbuh) then said: Whoever would be pleased to look at one freed from the Fire, let him look at Abu Bakr. Indeed, the name which his family gave him was Abdullah bin Uthman, but the name Atiq became dominant over him.

14291 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: The mother of Abu Bakr, the mother of Uthman, the mother of Talha, the mother of al-Zubayr, the mother of Abd al-Rahman bin Awf, and the mother of Ammar bin Yasir all embraced Islam; and he was only named Atiq bin Uthman because of the beauty of his face.

14292 - And from al-Layth ibn Sa'd, who said: Abu Bakr was only named 'Atiq because of the nobility of his face, and his name was 'Abd Allah ibn 'Uthman.

14293 - On the authority of al-Qasim bin Muhammad, who said: I asked Aisha about the name of Abu Bakr, and she said: "Abdullah." I said: "Indeed, they say: Atiq?" She replied: "Abu Quhafa had three sons; he named one Atiq, another Mu’aytiq, and another Mu’attaq."

14294 - And on the authority of Abu Hafs Amr ibn Ali: that he used to say: "Abu Bakr had a lean face, and he was only called Atiq because of the nobility of his face, and his name was: Abdullah ibn Uthman, and it has been narrated: that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) named him Atiq from the Fire."

14295 - And on the authority of Hakim bin Sa'd, who said: I heard 'Ali swearing: By Allah, Allah sent down the name of Abu Bakr from the heaven as al-Siddiq.

14296 - And from Abu Hurayrah, he said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "I was ascended to the lowest heaven, and I did not pass through any heaven except that I found my name in it: Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and Abu Bakr al-Siddiq is behind me."

14297 - And from Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "When I was taken up to the heaven, I did not pass through any heaven except that I found my name written in it: Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq."

14298 - And on the authority of Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said on the night he was taken on the Night Journey: "Indeed, my people will not believe me." So Gabriel said to him: "Abu Bakr will believe you, and he is al-Siddiq (the Truthful)."

14299 - And in a narration according to them: "Indeed, my people accuse me."

And on the authority of Umm Hani', she said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said when he was taken on the Night Journey: "I intend to go out to Quraysh and inform them." They denied him, but Abu Bakr believed him; thus, he was named on that day: al-Siddiq.

14301 - On the authority of Mu'awiyah, who said: I entered with my father upon Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, and I saw Asma' standing at his head, of a fair complexion; and I saw Abu Bakr, fair-skinned and lean. He mounted me and my father upon two horses, then we were presented to him and he granted us provisions.

14302 - And on the authority of a man from Banu Asad who said: I saw Abu Bakr al-Siddiq in the expedition of Dhat al-Salasil, and it was as if his beard was the flame of the Arfaj plant, [riding] upon a she-camel of his that was tawny, white, and lean.

14303 - And from Aisha: that she saw a man passing by while she was in her palanquin and said: "I have never seen a man who resembles Abu Bakr more than this man." It was said to her: "Describe Abu Bakr to us." She said: "He was a fair-skinned, slender man, with thin hair on the sides of his face, slightly stooped, such that his waistcloth would not stay firm but would slip down from his hips, with a lean face, deep-set eyes, a prominent forehead, and lean finger joints. This was his description."

14304 - And on the authority of Rafi' bin 'Amr, who said: The companions of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) passed by me during a military expedition or a pilgrimage, so I observed them closely, and I did not see anyone among them of a better appearance than Abu Bakr; he had wrapped himself in a garment to protect against the heat and the cold. I said: then he mentioned the hadith, and it has been mentioned previously in the chapter regarding the dislike of leadership in the Caliphate.

14305 - On the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Abu Bakr is my companion and my intimate associate in the cave; close every wicket-gate leading into the mosque except for the wicket-gate of Abu Bakr."

14306 - And from Muawiya bin Abi Sufyan, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Pour over me from seven water-skins from various wells, so that I may go out to the people and give them my final instructions." He said: So he (pbuh) went out with his head bandaged until he ascended the pulpit; he praised Allah and extolled Him, then said: "Indeed, a servant among the servants of Allah was given the choice between this world and that which is with Allah, and he chose that which is with Allah." No one comprehended its meaning except Abu Bakr, so he wept and said: "We would sacrifice our fathers, our mothers, and our children for you." So the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Be calm; the most virtuous of people to me in companionship and in material support is the son of Abu Quhafa. Look at these doors opening into the mosque and close them, except for the door of Abu Bakr, for indeed I have seen a light upon it."

14307 - And on the authority of Aisha, she said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) ordered the closing of the doors that were in the mosque except for the door of Abu Bakr."

14308 - And on the authority of Anas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Close every door from me except the door of Abu Bakr, and if I were to take an intimate friend, I would have taken Abu Bakr as an intimate friend."

14309 - And on the authority of Aisha, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) returned from Al-Baqi." I said: Then he mentioned the Hadith of his illness until he said: She said: "So we poured water over him until he began saying: 'Enough for you, enough for you.'" Muhammad—meaning Ibn Ishaq—said: Then he went out—as Ayub ibn Bashir narrated to me—with his head bandaged and sat upon the pulpit. The first thing he spoke of was that he offered prayers for the companions of Uhud, and he prayed extensively for them, then he said: "Indeed, a servant from among the servants of Allah was given a choice by Allah between this world and that which is with Him, and he chose that which is with Allah." He said: Abu Bakr understood it and wept, for he realized that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) meant himself. He [the Prophet] said: "Steady, O Abu Bakr. Look at these adjacent doors in the mosque and seal them, except for the one from Abu Bakr's house; for indeed, I do not know anyone who was more excellent in companionship to me than him." Narrated by Abu Ya'la, and its narrators are trustworthy.

14310 - From al-Sha'bi, who said: I asked Ibn 'Abbas: "Who was the first person to embrace Islam?" Ibn 'Abbas said: "Have you not heard the words of Hassan bin Thabit:
'If you recall a grief regarding a trustworthy brother, then remember your brother Abu Bakr for what he has done;
The best of creation, the most God-fearing and most just among them—except for the Prophet (pbuh)—and the most faithful in fulfilling what he carried;
The second, the follower whose presence is praised, and the first of the people among them to believe in the Messengers.'"

14311 - And on the authority of Ibn Umar, who said: "The first person to embrace Islam was Abu Bakr."

14312 - And on the authority of Zaid bin Arqam, who said: The first one to pray with the Prophet (pbuh) was Abu Bakr.

14313 - On the authority of Jabir bin 'Abdullah, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saw Abu al-Darda' walking in front of Abu Bakr, so he said: 'O Abu al-Darda', are you walking in front of a man such that the sun has not risen upon anyone better than him after the Prophets?' Thereafter, Abu al-Darda' was not seen walking except behind Abu Bakr."

14314 - And on the authority of Abu al-Darda, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saw me while I was walking in front of Abu Bakr, so he said: 'Do not walk in front of one who is better than you; for indeed, Abu Bakr is better than anyone upon whom the sun has risen or set.'"

14315 - And on the authority of Salamah bin al-Akwa', who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Abu Bakr al-Siddiq is the best of people, unless there be a Prophet."

14316 - And on the authority of As'ad bin Zurarah, who said: "I saw the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) addressing the people; he looked around but did not see Abu Bakr. So the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'Abu Bakr, Abu Bakr; indeed, the Holy Spirit, Gabriel (peace be upon him), has just informed me that the best of your nation after you is Abu Bakr al-Siddiq.'"

14317 - And from Ibn Abbas, who said: "The Prophet (pbuh) and his companions were swimming in a pond, so the Prophet (pbuh) said: 'Let every man among you swim to his companion.' Thus, every man among them swam to his companion, and the Prophet (pbuh) and Abu Bakr remained. Then the Prophet (pbuh) swam to Abu Bakr until he embraced him and said: 'I am to my companion, I am to my companion.'"

14318 - On the authority of Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet (pbuh), who said: "If I were to take a close friend, I would have taken Abu Bakr as a close friend."

14319 - And on the authority of Aisha, she said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "If I were to take an intimate friend, I would have taken Abu Bakr as an intimate friend, but the brotherhood of Islam is superior."

14320 - And from Ibn Umar: that Abu Bakr spoke harshly to Umar, then he said: "Seek forgiveness for me, O my brother," but Umar became angry. He said that several times and Umar remained angry. The matter was mentioned to the Prophet (pbuh), and they went to him and sat. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Your brother asks you to seek forgiveness for him and you do not do so?" He replied: "By the One who sent you with the truth as a Prophet, there was not a single time he asked me except that I was seeking forgiveness for him, and there is no one among the creation of Allah more beloved to me after you than him." Abu Bakr said: "And I, by the One who sent you with the truth, there is no one after you more beloved to me than him." Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Do not hurt me regarding my companion, for indeed Allah - Mighty and Majestic - sent me with guidance and the religion of truth, and you all said: 'You have lied,' while Abu Bakr said: 'You have spoken the truth.' Were it not that Allah - Mighty and Majestic - named him a companion, I would have taken him as an intimate friend, but it is a brotherhood for the sake of Allah. Behold, close every small side-door except the side-door of the son of Abu Quhafa."

And from Rabīʿah al-Aslamī, who said: I used to serve the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), and he gave me a plot of land and gave Abu Bakr a plot of land. Worldly matters arose, and we differed over a cluster of a date-palm. Abu Bakr said: "It is within my boundary," and I said: "It is within my boundary." There occurred some words between me and Abu Bakr, and Abu Bakr said a word that I disliked and then regretted it. He said to me: "O Rabīʿah, say the same back to me so that it may be retribution (qisas)." I said: "I will not do so." Abu Bakr said: "You shall surely do it, or I will seek aid against you from the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)." I said: "I shall not do it," and he abandoned the land. Abu Bakr went to the Prophet (pbuh), and I went following him. Some people from Aslam came and said: "May Allah have mercy on Abu Bakr, for what reason does he seek aid against you from the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) when he was the one who said to you what he said?" I said: "Do you know who this is? This is Abu Bakr al-Siddiq; he is the second of the two, and he is the gray-haired elder of the Muslims. Beware, lest he turn around and see you supporting me against him and become angry, and then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) becomes angry due to his anger, and Allah becomes angry due to their anger; then Rabīʿah would be destroyed." They said: "What do you command us?" He said: "Return." So Abu Bakr went to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and I followed him alone, continuing to follow him until he reached the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and related the account to him as it occurred. He (the Prophet) raised his head toward me and said: "O Rabīʿah, what is the matter between you and al-Siddiq?" I said: "O Messenger of Allah, it was such and such; he said a word to me that I disliked, and then he said to me: 'Say as I said so that it may be retribution.'" The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Indeed, do not return it to him, but rather say: 'May Allah forgive you, O Abu Bakr.'" Then Abu Bakr turned away while he was weeping.

14322 - And on the authority of Ka'b ibn Malik al-Ansari, who said: My last meeting with your Prophet (pbuh) was five nights before his passing, and I heard him say: "There has not been any prophet except that he had an intimate friend among his nation, and indeed my intimate friend is Abu Bakr ibn Abi Quhafa, and indeed Allah has taken your companion as an intimate friend."

14323 - And from Abu Waqid, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "If I were to take an intimate friend, I would have taken the son of Abu Quhafa, but your companion is the intimate friend of Allah - Mighty and Majestic -."

14324 - And on the authority of Abu Umamah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Indeed, Allah has taken me as an intimate friend just as He took Ibrahim as an intimate friend, and indeed my intimate friend is Abu Bakr."

14325 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "There is no one more generous toward me with what is in his hand than Abu Bakr; he married his daughter to me, and he accompanied me to the Abode of Migration. Had I taken an intimate friend, I would have taken Abu Bakr; however, there is brotherhood and affection until the Day of Resurrection."

14326 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "There is no one who has a greater favor upon me than Abu Bakr; he supported me with his own person and his wealth."

14327 - And on the authority of Mu'adh bin Jabal: "When the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) intended to dispatch Mu'adh to Yemen, he consulted a group of his companions, among whom were Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali, Talhah, al-Zubayr, and Usayd bin Hudayr. He consulted them, and Abu Bakr said: 'Had you not consulted us, we would not have spoken.' He (the Prophet) said: 'In matters regarding which nothing has been revealed to me, I am like one of you.' He (Mu'adh) said: 'So the people spoke, and every person gave his opinion.' Then he (the Prophet) said: 'What do you think, O Mu'adh?' I said: 'I see what Abu Bakr said.' The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) then said: 'Indeed, Allah, above His heaven, dislikes that Abu Bakr should be in error.'"

14328 - And on the authority of Sahl bin Sa'd al-Sa'idi, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) consulted Abu Bakr and Umar, and they both gave him counsel; and Abu Bakr was correct."

14329 - And from 'Uqba ibn 'Amir, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "When I was taken on the Night Journey to the heavens, I entered the Garden of Eden, and an apple fell into my hand. When I held it in my hands, it split open to reveal a wide-eyed, pleasing maiden of paradise (Hoor), whose eyelashes were like the leading edges of eagles' wings. I said to her: 'To whom do you belong?' She replied: 'I am for the caliph after you.'"

14330 - And on the authority of Jabir: that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) prayed behind Abu Bakr.

14331 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "A man shall enter Paradise, and there will not remain in Paradise the inhabitants of any house or chamber except that they will say: 'Welcome, welcome, come to us, come to us!'" Abu Bakr then asked: "O Messenger of Allah, what is the reward of this man on that day?" The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) replied: "Yes, you are he, O Abu Bakr."

14332 - And on the authority of Silah ibn Zufar, who said: Whenever Abu Bakr was mentioned in the presence of 'Ali, he would say: "The foremost, they are mentioning the foremost." He said: "By Him in Whose Hand is my soul, we never vied for any good deed except that Abu Bakr surpassed us in it."

14333 - And from Muhammad ibn Aqil, who said: Ali ibn Abi Talib addressed us and said: "O people, inform me, who is the bravest of people?" They said—or he said: We said: "You, O Commander of the Faithful." He said: "As for me, I never engaged anyone in a duel except that I obtained my due from him, but inform me who is the bravest of people." They said: "We do not know, so who is it?" He said: "Abu Bakr. Indeed, when it was the day of Badr, we constructed a shelter for the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), and we said: 'Who will stay with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) so that none of the polytheists may fall upon him?' By Allah, no one drew near him except Abu Bakr, brandishing his sword over the head of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh); no one would lunge at him except that he [Abu Bakr] lunged at them. This is the bravest of people." Ali then said: "And I saw the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) when the Quraysh had seized him; this one was shoving him and that one was manhandling him, and they were saying: 'Are you the one who has made the gods into one God?'" He said: "By Allah, no one drew near to us except Abu Bakr, striking this one, struggling with that one, and manhandling another, while he said: 'Woe to you! Would you kill a man because he says, "My Lord is Allah"?'" Then Ali raised a cloak that was upon him and wept until his beard was soaked. Then Ali said: "I adjure you by Allah, is the believer from the family of Pharaoh better, or Abu Bakr?" The people remained silent, so he said: "Will you not answer me? By Allah, a single hour of Abu Bakr is better than the likes of the believer from the family of Pharaoh; that was a man who concealed his faith, and this is a man who proclaimed his faith."

14334 - And on the authority of Shaqiq, who said: It was said to Ali: "Will you not appoint a successor?" He replied: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) did not appoint a successor, so I shall not appoint a successor over you. If Allah intends good for the people, He will gather them upon the best among them, just as He gathered them after their Prophet upon the best among them."

14335 - And from Usayd ibn Safwan, a companion of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), who said: When Abu Bakr passed away, he was covered with a cloth, and Medina was shaken with weeping, and the people were as stunned as they were on the day the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was taken. Ali ibn Abi Talib came rushing, reciting the verse of return, saying: "Today the caliphate of Prophethood has been severed," until he stood at the door of the house where Abu Bakr was and said: "May Allah have mercy on you, O Abu Bakr; you were the first of the people to embrace Islam, the sincerest of them in faith, the strongest of them in certainty, the most fearful of Allah, the greatest of them in benefit, the most protective of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), the most compassionate toward Islam, the most trustworthy over his companions, the best in companionship, the most excellent in virtues, the most foremost in precedence, the highest in rank, the closest to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), and the most resembling him in guidance, character, and conduct. You were the most reliable in his eyes, the most noble in status, and the most honored by him; so may Allah reward you on behalf of Islam, His Messenger, and the Muslims with goodness. You believed the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) when the people disbelieved him; so Allah named you in His Book: 'Siddiq' (The Truthful), for He said: 'And the one who brought the truth—Muhammad (pbuh)—and the one who testified to its truth—Abu Bakr.' You consoled him when they were stingy, and you stood with him when they remained behind, and you accompanied him through hardship with the noblest of companionship. You are the one upon whom tranquility was descended, his companion in the Migration and in the places of distress. You succeeded him in his nation with the best of successions when the people apostatized, and you stood for the religion of Allah with a standing that no successor of a Prophet had ever stood. You leaped when your companions were weak, and you rose when they were weary, and you adhered to the path of His Messenger despite the hypocrites and the rage of the disbelievers. You carried out the matter when they failed, and you proceeded by the light of Allah when they halted. You were the highest of them in standing, the least of them in speech, the most correct of them in logic, the longest of them in silence, the most eloquent of them in speech, the most abundant of them in opinion, the bravest of them in heart, the strongest of them in certainty, the best of them in action, and the most knowledgeable of them in affairs. You were a leader for the religion and a merciful father for the believers; as they became your dependents, you bore the burdens that they were too weak for, and you preserved what they lost, and you tended to what they neglected. You were patient when they were anxious, so you attained the remnants of what they sought, and they reached through you what they did not count on. You were a poured-out punishment upon the disbelievers, and for the Muslims, a rain and fertility. You flew with its riches and succeeded with its life, and you took its virtues and secured its precedence. Your argument was never blunted, nor did your heart deviate, nor did your insight weaken, nor did your soul cowardize. You were like a mountain that storms do not move and tempests do not displace. You were as the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'The most favored of people to him in your companionship and your wealth,' and as he said: 'Weak in your body, strong in the command of Allah.' You were humble, yet great in the eyes of the Muslims, and majestic on earth. No one had a point of criticism against you, nor did any speaker have a fault to find in you, nor was there any greed in you, nor did you show leniency to anyone. The weak and humiliated was strong in your sight until you took his right for him, and the strong and mighty was weak in your sight until the right was taken from him. The near and the far were equal to you in that. Your affair was truth and honesty, and your speech was kindness. You departed after the path was paved, the religion was straightened by you, faith grew strong, and the command of Allah became manifest even if the disbelievers hated it. By Allah, you have surpassed others by a great distance and have burdened those after you with a severe exhaustion. You have won Paradise, and your loss is great in the heavens, and your calamity has shaken mankind—'Indeed, to Allah we belong and to Him we shall return.' We are pleased with Allah's decree and we submit to His command. Never will the Muslims be struck after the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) with the likes of you ever. You were a resource and a shelter for the religion, and for the Muslims, a fortress, a refuge, and a solace, and for the hypocrites, a severity and a rage. May Allah join you with His Prophet, and may Allah not deprive us of your reward, nor lead us astray after you." He said: And the people remained silent until he finished his speech. Then the companions of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) wept and said: "You have spoken the truth, O cousin of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)." May Allah be pleased with them.

14336 - And from Ali ibn Ahmad al-Sadusi, from his father, who said: News reached Aisha that some people were disparaging Abu Bakr. So she sent for a large group of them, drew her curtains, and then censured and rebuked them, saying: My father, and what a man my father was! My father, you cannot match his rank. Far from it, by Allah! He was a lofty mountain and a long-extending shade. By Allah, he succeeded when you belied the truth, and he took the lead when you faltered—the lead of a swift horse when it dominates the goal. He was the youth of Quraysh as a young man, and a sanctuary as a mature elder. He would release the captive, provide for the destitute, mend the frightened heart, and gather the disunity until hearts were adorned by him. Then he grew intense in his religion, and his firmness for the sake of Allah never ceased until he took a mosque in his courtyard, reviving therein what the people of falsehood had let die. He was—may Allah have mercy on him—abundant in tears, of intense inner feelings, and sorrowful sobbing. The women and children of Mecca crowded around him, mocking and ridiculing him—'Allah ridicules them and leaves them to wander blindly in their transgression.' The men of Quraysh took great offense at that; they bent their bows and aimed their arrows, making him a target, yet they never blunted his edge nor broke his spear. He continued in his firm path until the religion established its stability, cast its weight, and its foundations were set, and people entered it in crowds, and from every sect in groups and diverse parties. Then Allah chose for His Prophet (pbuh) what was with Him. When Allah—the Mighty and Majestic—took him (pbuh) unto Himself, Satan pitched his pavilion, set his snares, extended his ropes, and mobilized his cavalry and infantry. The rope of Islam became frayed, its covenant was confused, its people were in upheaval, its firm knot was unraveled, calamities transgressed, and men thought their desires had drawn near—but it was not the time for their return—while I and al-Siddiq were in their midst. So he stood up, bare-headed and determined, rolling up his sleeves, gathering his strength. He restored the ease of Islam after it had been caught unawares, mended its disunity by his management, and straightened its curvature with his correction. Hypocrisy was trampled under his tread, and the religion was revived by his support. When the truth returned to its people, and heads were settled upon their shoulders, and blood was preserved within the bodies, his death arrived. He filled the gap he left with his brother in mercy and his peer in conduct and justice—that is the son of al-Khattab. To Allah belongs the mother who bore him and nursed him; indeed, she bore a singular man. He conquered the disbelievers and their pride, scattered polytheism in every direction, and opened up the earth; thus it brought forth its sustenance and cast out its hidden treasures. The world loved him, yet he turned away from it; it presented itself to him, but he refused it. Then he was scrupulous regarding it, and he left it just as he had accompanied it. So show me, what can you say? And which of my father's two days do you resent? The day of his standing when he acted justly among you, or the day of his departure when he looked out for your welfare? I say these words of mine and seek Allah’s forgiveness for me and for you.

14337 - And on the authority of Aisha, she said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) passed away, and the Arabs apostatized, and hypocrisy reared its head; such a burden fell upon my father that if it had fallen upon the firmly anchored mountains, it would have crushed them. She said: They did not disagree over a single point except that my father flew with its resolution and its spearhead. Then she mentioned Umar ibn al-Khattab and said: By Allah, he was masterful and unique in his excellence, having prepared for all matters their counterparts.

14338 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas: That the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) appointed Abu Bakr over the Hajj, then he dispatched Ali with [the chapter of] Bara'ah. Abu Bakr said: "O Messenger of Allah, have you found any grievance against me regarding something?" He replied: "No, you are my companion in the cave and at the Reservoir (al-Hawd)."

And from Abu Bakr - meaning al-Siddiq - he said: I brought Abu Quhafa to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), and he said: "Why did you not leave the old man until I came to him?" He said: "Rather, he is more deserving of coming to you." He said: "Indeed, we shall honor him because of the favors of his son with us."

14340 - And on the authority of Urwah, who said: Abu Bakr emancipated seven of those who were being tortured for the sake of Allah. Among them were: Bilal and ‘Amir ibn Fuhayrah.

14341 - And on the authority of ‘Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr, who said: [The following] was revealed concerning Abu Bakr al-Siddiq: {And have in his mind no favor from anyone for which a reward is expected * Except only the desire to seek the Countenance of his Lord, the Most High * And he shall surely be well-pleased.} [Al-Layl: 19-21].

And on the authority of Aisha, she said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "No one's wealth has benefited us as much as the wealth of Abu Bakr has benefited us."

14343 - And on the authority of Aisha regarding the story of the Slander (al-Ifk), and in it: Hassan bin Thabit said, refuting what was attributed to him:
A chaste and dignified woman, who is not suspected of any doubt... and she wakes up hungry for the flesh of the heedless.
If I had indeed said that which you have claimed... then may my fingertips never carry my whip to me.
And how could I? While my affection as long as I live and my support... are for the family of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), the adornment of gatherings.
Shall I revile the best of mankind in terms of husband, father, and self?... [If I did so] I would have been placed in the worst of positions.

14344 - And on the authority of Musa ibn 'Uqbah, who said: "No four [successive generations] are known to have reached the Prophet (pbuh) along with their sons except these four: Abu Quhafah, Abu Bakr, 'Abd al-Rahman, and Abu 'Atiq ibn 'Abd al-Rahman, and the name of Abu 'Atiq is Muhammad."

14345 - From Umm Salama that the Prophet (pbuh) said: "Verily, in the heaven there are two angels; one of them commands with firmness and the other commands with gentleness, and each is correct: Gabriel and Michael. And there are two prophets; one of them commands with firmness and the other commands with gentleness, and each is correct"—and he mentioned Abraham and Noah—"And I have two companions; one of them commands with firmness and the other commands with gentleness, and each is correct"—and he mentioned Abu Bakr and Umar.

14346 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Verily, Allah—Mighty and Majestic—has supported me with four ministers, leaders." We said: "O Messenger of Allah, who are these four?" He said: "Two from the inhabitants of the heaven, and two from the inhabitants of the earth." I said: "Who are the two from the inhabitants of the heaven?" He said: "Gabriel and Michael." We said: "Who are the two from the inhabitants of the earth?" He said: "Abu Bakr and Umar."

14347 - And from Abu Arwa al-Dawsi, who said: "I was with the Prophet (pbuh) when Abu Bakr and Umar approached, and he said: 'Praise be to Allah, who has supported me with the both of you.'"

14348 - And from al-Bara' ibn 'Azib: that the Prophet (pbuh) said to Abu Bakr and 'Umar: "Praise be to Allah, Who has supported me with the two of you; and were it not that you differ with me, I would not have opposed you."

14349 - And on the authority of Ibn Umar and Ibn Abbas regarding the statement of Allah the Almighty: {And the righteous among the believers} [At-Tahrim: 4], they said: It was revealed concerning Abu Bakr and Umar.

14350 - And from Abdullah—meaning Ibn Mas'ud—that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Indeed, for every prophet there is an inner circle from among his nation, and indeed my inner circle from among my companions are Abu Bakr and Umar."

14351 - On the authority of Ibn Umar, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) intended to dispatch a man for a matter of importance that concerned him, while Abu Bakr was on his right and Umar was on his left. Ali said to him: 'What prevents you from sending these two?' He replied: 'How can I dispatch these two when they are to the religion in the same position as hearing and sight are to the head?'"

14352 - And on the authority of Abdullah bin 'Amr, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Take the Qur'an from four: from Ibn Umm 'Abd, Mu'adh, Ubayy, and Salim; and I have considered sending them to the nations just as Jesus, the son of Mary, sent the disciples to the Children of Israel." A man said to him: O Messenger of Allah, what about Abu Bakr and Umar? So the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "There is no doing without them; their likeness to the religion is like the likeness of hearing and sight."

14353 - And on the authority of Amr ibn al-Aas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "I intended to send Mu'adh ibn Jabal, Salim the freed slave of Abu Hudhayfah, Ubayy ibn Ka'b, and Ibn Mas'ud to the nations just as Jesus son of Mary sent the disciples." A man said: "Will you not send Abu Bakr and Umar, for they are more effective?" He (pbuh) said: "I cannot do without them; indeed, their position in the religion is like the position of hearing and sight."

14354 - And from Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "I have considered sending teachers among the people just as Jesus, son of Mary, sent the disciples to the Children of Israel." It was then said: "What about Abu Bakr and Umar? Will you not send them?" He replied: "Indeed, they are to the religion like the head is to the body."

And from Ibn Ghanm: that the Prophet (pbuh) said to Abu Bakr and Umar: "If you both were to agree on a matter of consultation, I would not oppose you."

14356 - And on the authority of Abu al-Darda, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Follow the example of those who come after me: Abu Bakr and Umar; for they are the extended rope of Allah, and whoever holds fast to them has held fast to the most trustworthy handhold that will never break."

14357 - And on the authority of Abu Juhayfah, who said: "I entered upon Ali in his house and said: 'O best of people after the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)!' He said: 'Wait! Woe to you, O Abu Juhayfah! Shall I not inform you of the best of people after the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)? Abu Bakr and Umar. Woe to you, O Abu Juhayfah! Love for me and hatred for Abu Bakr and Umar do not gather in the heart of a believer.'"

14358 - And on the authority of Anas bin Malik, who said: "We used to sit with the Prophet (pbuh) as if there were birds on our heads; none of us would speak except Abu Bakr and Umar."

14359 - And on the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to Abu Bakr and Umar: "These two are the masters of the elderly of the people of Paradise from the former and the latter generations."

14360 - And on the authority of Jabir bin Abdullah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Abu Bakr and Umar are the two leaders of the middle-aged people of Paradise from among the first and the last; do not tell them, O Ali."

14361 - And from Ibn ‘Umar, from the Prophet (pbuh), who narrated a similar tradition, the text of which is: "That the Prophet (pbuh) said: 'Abu Bakr and ‘Umar are the two leaders of the mature people of Paradise from the former and the latter generations, except for the Prophets and the Messengers; do not inform them, O ‘Ali.'"

14362 - And on the authority of Abu Hurayrah, who said: "The Prophet (pbuh) came out between Abu Bakr and Umar and said: 'In this manner shall we be resurrected on the Day of Resurrection.'"

14363 - And from Ammar bin Yasir who said: "Whoever prefers anyone from the companions of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) over Abu Bakr and Umar has indeed disparaged the Muhajirun and the Ansar, and twelve thousand of the companions of Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)."

14364 - And on the authority of Ibn Abi Hazim, who said: A man came to Ali ibn al-Husayn and said: "What was the status of Abu Bakr and Umar in relation to the Prophet (pbuh)?" He said: "Like their status at this hour."

14365 - And on the authority of ‘Ali, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) took the lead, Abu Bakr followed in the second position, and ‘Umar followed in the third position, then a trial struck us—or a trial afflicted us—Allah forgives whomsoever He wills.

14366 - And in a narration according to him: A man delivered a sermon on the day of Basra when Ali appeared, so Ali said: "This is the eloquent (ash-shahshah) orator." And he mentioned the hadith in a similar manner.

And on the authority of Jabir bin Samurah, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying: "Indeed, the people of the highest ranks will be seen by those who are below them just as the stars are seen on the horizon of the sky, and Abu Bakr and Umar are among them and have been favored."

14368 - And on the authority of Abu Hurayrah, from the Prophet (pbuh), who said: "Indeed, a man from the people of 'Illiyyin looks down upon the people of Paradise as if he were a shimmering star; and indeed, Abu Bakr and 'Umar are among them, and how excellent they are."

14369 - And on the authority of Sahl ibn Abi Hathma: That the Prophet (pbuh) said to a man: "If I die, and Abu Bakr and Umar [also die], then if you are able to die, then die."

14370 - And on the authority of Ibn Umar, who said: Abu Bakr al-Siddiq did not sit in the place where the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sat on the pulpit until he met Allah; and Umar did not sit in the place where Abu Bakr sat until he met Allah; and Uthman did not sit in the place where Umar sat until he met Allah.

14371 - And on the authority of Qays ibn Abi Hazim, who said: Umar ibn al-Khattab addressed the people one day upon the pulpit of Madinah and said in his sermon: "Indeed, in the Gardens of Eden there is a palace that has five hundred doors; at every door are five thousand of the wide-eyed maidens (al-hur al-in). None shall enter it except a Prophet." Then he turned toward the grave of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and said: "May it be pleasing for you, O inhabitant of this grave." Then he said: "Or a truthful one (Siddiq)." Then he turned toward the grave of Abu Bakr and said: "May it be pleasing for you, O Abu Bakr." Then he said: "Or a martyr." Then he turned to himself and said: "And from where shall martyrdom come to you, O Umar?" Then he said: "Indeed, the One who brought me out from Makkah to the migration of Madinah is capable of driving martyrdom toward me." Ibn Mas'ud said: So Allah drove it to him at the hand of the worst of His creation: a slave belonging to al-Mughirah.

14372 - And on the authority of Sahl bin Sa'd: that [Mount] Uhud trembled while the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), Abu Bakr, 'Umar, and 'Uthman were upon it. So the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Be firm, O Uhud; for there is none upon you except a Prophet, a truthful one, or two martyrs."

And from Buraydah that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was sitting on Hira, and with him were Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman, and the mountain shook. So the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Stay firm, Hira; for indeed, there is none upon you except a Prophet, or a truthful one, or a martyr."

14374 - And from Zayd ibn Arqam, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent me and said: "Go until you reach Abu Bakr and find him in his house sitting with his knees drawn up and wrapped in his garment. Say to him: 'The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sends his greetings of peace to you and says to you: "Rejoice with the glad tidings of Paradise."' Then go until you reach the mountain pass and meet Umar there upon a donkey, his baldness shining. Say to him: 'The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sends his greetings of peace to you and says to you: "Rejoice with the glad tidings of Paradise."' Then go until you reach the market and meet Uthman there buying and selling. Say to him: 'The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sends his greetings of peace to you and says to you: "Rejoice with the glad tidings of Paradise after a severe trial."'" So I went to Abu Bakr and found him in his house sitting with his knees drawn up and wrapped in his garment, just as the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) had said. I said to him: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sends his greetings of peace to you and says: 'Rejoice with the glad tidings of Paradise.'" He said: "And where is the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)?" I said: "In such and such a place," and he stood up to go to him. Then I came to the mountain pass, and there was Umar upon a donkey, his baldness shining, just as the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) had said. I said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sends his greetings of peace to you and says: 'Rejoice with the glad tidings of Paradise.'" He said: "And where is the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)?" I said: "In such and such a place," and he departed. Then I went until I reached the market and met Uthman there buying and selling, just as the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) had said. I said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sends his greetings of peace to you and says: 'Rejoice with the glad tidings of Paradise after a severe trial.'" He said: "And where is the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)?" He took me by the hand, and we came together until we reached the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). Uthman said to him: "O Messenger of Allah, Zayd came to me and said: 'The Messenger of Allah sends his greetings of peace to you and says: "Rejoice with the glad tidings of Paradise after a severe trial."' So what trial will strike me, O Messenger of Allah? By the One Who sent you with the truth, I have never sung, nor have I wished for anything illicit, nor have I touched my private part with my right hand since I pledged allegiance to you." He (pbuh) said: "It is that."

14375 - On the authority of Abdullah bin 'Amr bin al-'As who said: "I was with the Prophet (pbuh) in an orchard among the orchards of Medina. A man came and asked permission to enter, so he said: 'Rise and grant him permission, and give him glad tidings of Paradise.' So I rose and granted him permission, and it was Abu Bakr, and I gave him glad tidings of Paradise, and he began to praise Allah until he sat down. Then another man came and asked permission, so he said: 'Rise and grant him permission, and give him glad tidings of Paradise.' So I rose and granted him permission, and it was 'Umar, so I granted him permission and gave him glad tidings of Paradise, and he began to praise Allah until he sat down. Then a man came with a low voice, and he said: 'Rise and grant him permission, and give him glad tidings of Paradise for a trial that shall befall him.' So I rose and granted him permission, and it was 'Uthman, so I gave him glad tidings of Paradise for a trial that would befall him. He said: 'O Allah, grant me patience,' until he sat down. I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, where do I stand?' He said: 'You are with your father.'" It was narrated by al-Tabarani and the wording is his, and by Ahmad concisely through various chains, and some of the narrators of al-Tabarani and Ahmad are the narrators of the Sahih.

14376 - And on the authority of Nafi' ibn Abd al-Harith, who said: "I went out with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) until he entered a garden, then he said: 'Guard the door for me.' He then went and sat on the rim [of the well] and dangled his legs into the well. The door was then knocked upon, so I asked: 'Who is this?' He said: 'Abu Bakr.' I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, this is Abu Bakr.' He said: 'Grant him permission and give him the glad tidings of Paradise.' He said: So I granted him permission and gave him the glad tidings of Paradise. He said: Then he entered and sat with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) on the rim and dangled his legs into the well. Then the door was knocked upon, so I asked: 'Who is this?' He said: 'Umar.' I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, this is Umar.' He said: 'Grant him permission and give him the glad tidings of Paradise.' He said: So I granted him permission and gave him the glad tidings of Paradise. He said: Then he entered and sat with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) on the rim and dangled his legs into the well. [He said: Then the door was knocked upon, so I asked: 'Who is this?' He replied: 'Uthman.' I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, this is Uthman.' He said: 'Grant him permission and give him the glad tidings of Paradise along with a trial.' So I granted him permission and gave him the glad tidings of Paradise, and he sat with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) on the rim and dangled his legs into the well.]"

14377 - And on the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) stood at al-Aswaf while Bilal was with him. He dangled his legs into the well and uncovered his thighs. Then Abu Bakr came seeking permission to enter, and he said: "O Bilal, give him permission, and give him glad tidings of Paradise." So Abu Bakr entered and sat to the right of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), dangled his legs into the well, and uncovered his thighs. Then 'Umar came seeking permission, and he said: "Give him permission, O Bilal, and give him glad tidings of Paradise." So he entered and sat to the left of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), dangled his legs into the well, and uncovered his thighs. Then 'Uthman came seeking permission, and he said: "Give him permission, O Bilal, and give him glad tidings of Paradise upon a trial that shall befall him." So 'Uthman entered and sat opposite the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), dangled his legs into the well, and uncovered his thighs.

And from Jabir bin Abdullah, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) went out to visit Sa'd bin al-Rabi' al-Ansari—and his residence was in al-Aswaf—so his wife spread a mat for the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) beneath a cluster of palm trees. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sat down and we sat with him. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'A man from the people of Paradise will now come upon you.' Then Abu Bakr appeared. Then he said: 'A man from the people of Paradise will come upon you.' Then Umar appeared. Then he said: 'A man from the people of Paradise will come upon you.' Then Uthman appeared."

14379 - And on the authority of Jabir bin Abdullah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "A man from the people of Paradise will appear to you from beneath this mountain slope." He said: Then Abu Bakr appeared, and we congratulated him for what the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) had said. Then he remained for a short while, then said: "A man from the people of Paradise will appear from beneath this mountain slope." Then Umar appeared, and we congratulated him for what the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) had said. Then he said: "A man from the people of Paradise will appear to you from beneath this mountain slope; O Allah, if You will, make it Ali." He said this three times. He said: Then he appeared—may the blessings and peace of Allah be upon them.

14380 - And in a narration: "O Allah, make him lofty."

14381 - And in another narration: "I walked with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) to a woman from the Ansar, and she slaughtered a sheep for him"—and he mentioned the like of it.

14382 - And on the authority of Abu Mas'ud, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) entered an orchard one day and then said: "A man from the people of Paradise will now enter upon you." Then Abu Bakr al-Siddiq entered. Then he said: "A man from the people of Paradise will now enter upon you." Then 'Umar ibn al-Khattab entered. Then he said: "A man from the people of Paradise will now enter upon you; O Allah, let it be 'Ali," and then 'Ali entered.

14383 - And on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "In Paradise there is a tree - or, there is no tree in Paradise, ‘Ali bin Jamil was uncertain - but that every leaf upon it has written on it: There is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, 'Umar al-Faruq, and 'Uthman Dhu al-Nurayn."

14384 - And on the authority of Ali, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to me and to Abu Bakr on the day of Badr: "With one of you is Jibril, and with the other is Mikail; and Israfil is a magnificent angel who witnesses the fighting or is in the rank."

14385 - And on the authority of Ibn 'Umar, who said: "We used to say while the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was alive: 'The best of this nation after its Prophet are Abu Bakr, 'Umar, and 'Uthman,' and the Prophet (pbuh) would hear that and would not object to it. We do not know of 'Uthman committing any of the major sins, nor did he kill any soul unlawfully. Rather, it is this wealth; if he gave it to you, you were pleased, and if he gave it to Quraysh, you became angry. You only wish to be like the Persians and the Romans, who do not leave a leader of theirs except that they kill him."

14386 - And from Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) came out to us one morning after the sun had risen and said: "I saw shortly before dawn as if I were given the keys and the scales. As for the keys, they are these keys. As for the scales, they are those with which things are weighed. I was placed in one pan and my Ummah was placed in the other pan, and I was weighed against them and I outweighed them. Then Abu Bakr was brought and weighed against them, and he matched them in weight. Then Umar was brought and weighed against them, and he matched them in weight. Then Uthman was brought and weighed against them. Then they were raised."

14387 - And from Abu Umama, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "I entered Paradise and heard a rustling sound before me, so I said: 'What is this?' They said: 'Bilal.' Then I proceeded, and behold, the majority of the inhabitants of Paradise were the poor of the Muhajirin and the offspring of the Muslims, and I did not see anyone in it fewer than the women and the wealthy. It was said to me: 'As for the wealthy, they are being held here to be held to account and purified; as for the women, they were distracted by the two reds: gold and silk.'" He said: "Then we exited through one of the eight gates of Paradise, and when I was at the gate, a scale was brought; I was placed in it and my Ummah was placed [in the other], and I outweighed them. Then Abu Bakr was brought and placed in a scale, and my entire Ummah was brought and placed in a scale, and Abu Bakr outweighed them. Then Umar was brought and placed in a scale, and my entire Ummah was brought and placed, and Umar outweighed them. Then my Ummah was presented before me man by man, and they began passing by. I found Abdul Rahman bin Awf to be slow, and he arrived after [I had] despaired [of his arrival]. I said: 'Abdul Rahman?' He said: 'May my father and mother be sacrificed for you, O Messenger of Allah, [by the One who sent you with the truth], I did not reach you until I thought I would never reach you except after hair-whitening ordeals.' He asked: 'And why was that?' He replied: 'Because of the abundance of my wealth, I was being held to account and purified.'"

14388 - And from Mu'adh ibn Jabal, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "I was shown that I was placed in one pan [of a scale] and my nation in the other pan, and I outweighed them. Then Abu Bakr was placed in one pan and my nation in the other pan, and he outweighed them. Then Umar was placed in one pan and my nation in the other pan, and he outweighed them. Then Uthman was placed in one pan and my nation in the other pan, and he outweighed them. Then the scale was raised."

14389 - And from Arfajah, he said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) led us in the Fajr prayer, then he said: 'My companions were weighed tonight; so Abu Bakr was weighed and he outweighed, then Umar was weighed and he outweighed, then Uthman was weighed and he outweighed.'"

14390 - And on the authority of Usama bin Shariq, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said one day: "My companions were weighed tonight; so Abu Bakr was weighed, then Umar was weighed, then Uthman was weighed."

14391 - And on the authority of Anas, who said: The eldest of the companions of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) were Abu Bakr al-Siddiq and Suhayl ibn 'Amr. It was reported by al-Bazzar, and its chain of narration is good (Hasan).

14392 - On the authority of Aisha, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and Abu Bakr discussed their births in my presence, and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was older than Abu Bakr. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) passed away when he was sixty-three, [and Abu Bakr—may Allah be pleased with him—passed away when he was sixty-three] due to the two and a half years he lived after the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)—referring to Abu Bakr."

14393 - And on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) passed away when he was sixty-five years old, and Abu Bakr was of the same status.

And on the authority of Sa‘id ibn al-Musayyib, who said: Abu Bakr al-Siddiq passed away when he was sixty-three years old; he was buried at night, and ‘Umar performed the funeral prayer over him.

14395 - On the authority of Aisha, she said: Abu Bakr passed away on Tuesday night and was buried at night.

14396 - And on the authority of al-Haytham ibn ‘Imran, who said: I heard my grandfather say: Abu Bakr al-Siddiq passed away while suffering from a trace of tuberculosis, and he governed for two and a half years.

And it is narrated from Al-Zubayr bin Bakkar that he said: Abu Bakr was appointed as caliph on the day in which the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) passed away, and he died in Jumada al-Akhira in the year thirteen. Then he mentioned the rest of the narration.

14398 - On the authority of Ibn Ishaq, who said: Umar bin al-Khattab bin Nufayl bin 'Abd al-'Uzza bin Rabah bin 'Abdullah bin Qurt bin Rizah bin 'Adi bin Ka'b bin Lu'ayy bin Ghalib bin Fihr bin Malik; his kunya was Abu Hafs, and his mother was Hantamah bint Hisham bin al-Mughirah bin 'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Makhzum, and the mother of Hantamah was al-Shifa' bint [Abd] Qays bin 'Adi bin Sa'id bin Sahm bin 'Amr bin Husays bin Ka'b bin Lu'ayy.

14399 - From Ibn Shihab, who said: Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz said to Abu Bakr ibn Sulayman ibn Abi Hathmah: "Who was the first to write 'From the servant of Allah, the Commander of the Faithful'?" He replied: Al-Shifa bint Abd Allah—who was among the early female emigrants—informed me that Labid ibn Rabi'ah and Adi ibn Hatim arrived in Madinah and went to the mosque. They found Amr ibn al-As and said: "O Ibn al-As, seek permission for us to enter upon the Commander of the Faithful." He said: "By Allah, you both have hit upon his name; for he is the commander (al-Amir), and we are the believers (al-Mu'minun)." Then Amr entered upon Umar and said: "Peace be upon you, O Commander of the Faithful." Umar said: "What is this?" He replied: "You are the commander, and we are the believers." Thus, the written address has proceeded from that day.

On the authority of Abdullah - meaning Ibn Mas'ud - who said: Umar ibn al-Khattab rode a horse and made it gallop, whereupon his thigh became exposed. The people of Najran saw a black mole on his thigh and said: "This is the one whom we find in our book; he is the one who shall expel us from our land."

14401 - And on the authority of Zirr, who said: I was in Madinah, and behold, there was a man of dark brown complexion, ambidextrous, of large build; when he towered over the people, it was as if he were upon a mount, and behold, it was 'Umar.

14402 - And on the authority of Abdullah bin Hilal, who said: I saw Umar as a large man, as if he were one of the men of Sadus.

14403 - And on the authority of Sa’id ibn al-Musayyib, who said: Umar was bald, extremely bald.

14404 - On the authority of Abdullah—meaning Ibn Mas'ud—who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "O Allah, grant honor to Islam through Umar bin al-Khattab or through Abu Jahl bin Hisham." So Allah directed the supplication of His Messenger (pbuh) to Umar bin al-Khattab; thus, He built Islam upon him and demolished the idols through him.

14405 - And on the authority of Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say: "O Allah, strengthen Islam with Umar ibn al-Khattab."

14406 - And on the authority of Anas bin Malik: that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) supplicated on Thursday evening, saying: "O Allah, strengthen Islam with Umar bin al-Khattab or with Amr bin Hisham." So, on Friday morning, Umar came and embraced Islam.

14407 - And from Umar ibn al-Khattab, who said: "I went out seeking the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) before I embraced Islam. I found that he had preceded me to the Masjid, so I stood behind him. He began reciting Surah al-Haqqah, and I started to marvel at the composition of the Qur’an. He said: So I said to myself, 'By Allah, this is a poet, just as Quraysh said.' He said: Then he recited: {Indeed, it is the word of a noble Messenger. And it is not the word of a poet; little is it that you believe} [Al-Haqqah: 40-41]. I said: 'A soothsayer.' He said: {Nor is it the word of a soothsayer; little is it that you remember. [It is] a revelation from the Lord of the worlds} [Al-Haqqah: 42-43] until the end of the Surah. He said: Thus, Islam settled deeply into every part of my heart."

14408 - And from Thawban, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "O Allah, strengthen Islam through Umar ibn al-Khattab." And he [Umar] had struck his sister at the beginning of the night while she was reciting: "Recite in the name of your Lord who created" [al-Alaq: 1], until he thought that he had killed her. Then he stood up in the pre-dawn hours and heard her voice reciting: "Recite in the name of your Lord who created" [al-Alaq: 1]. He said: "By Allah, this is neither poetry nor murmuring." So he went until he came to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and found Bilal at the door. He pushed the door, and Bilal asked: "Who is this?" He replied: "Umar ibn al-Khattab." Bilal said: "[Wait] until I seek permission for you from the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)." Bilal then said: "O Messenger of Allah, Umar is at the door." The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "If Allah intends good for Umar, He will bring him into the religion." He said to Bilal: "Open." Then the Messenger of Allah took him by his upper arms and shook him, saying: "What is it that you want? And for what have you come?" Umar said to him: "Present to me that which you call toward." He said: "That you testify that there is no god but Allah alone, without partner, and that Muhammad is His servant and His messenger." So Umar embraced Islam on the spot and said: "Go forth."

14409 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: "When Umar embraced Islam, the people said: 'The people have obtained justice from us.'"

14410 - And on the authority of Abdullah—meaning Ibn Mas'ud—who said: "Verily, the conversion of Umar to Islam was a victory, his migration was a triumph, and his leadership was a mercy. By Allah, we were not able to pray at the House until Umar embraced Islam. When Umar embraced Islam, he fought them until they left us alone, and so we prayed." Narrated by al-Tabarani.

14411 - And in it is a narration: "We were not able to pray at the Ka'bah openly."

14412 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: The first person to openly profess Islam was Umar ibn al-Khattab.

14413 - And from Aslam—the freed slave of Umar—he said: Umar ibn al-Khattab said: "Would you like me to inform you of the beginning of my conversion to Islam?" He [Aslam] said: We said, "Yes." He [Umar] said: "I was the severest of people against the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). While I was out on an intensely hot day in one of the paths of Mecca, a man from Quraysh saw me and asked, 'Where are you going, O son of al-Khattab?' I replied, 'I am seeking this man [the Prophet].' He said, 'O son of al-Khattab, this matter has already entered your own household, and yet you say this?' I asked, 'And what is that?' He said, 'Your sister has gone over to him.' He [Umar] said: So I returned in anger until I knocked at her door. Whenever someone who possessed nothing embraced Islam, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) would join one or two men with another man to provide for them. He [Umar] said: And he had joined two men from his companions with my sister's husband. He said: So I knocked on the door, and it was said to me, 'Who is this?' I said, 'Umar ibn al-Khattab.' They had been reading a scripture in their hands, and when they heard my voice, they rose and hid in a place, leaving the scripture behind. When my sister opened the door for me, I said, 'O enemy of herself! Have you turned apostate?' He said: I raised something and struck her on the head with it. The woman wept and said, 'O son of al-Khattab, do whatever you are going to do, for I have indeed embraced Islam.' She then went and sat on the couch. Suddenly, I saw a scroll in the middle of the doorway. I said, 'What is this scroll here?' She said to me, 'Leave us be, O son of al-Khattab; for you do not perform the ritual bath for major impurity nor do you purify yourself, and this is not touched except by the purified.' I persisted with her until she gave it to me. In it was: 'In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.' He said: When I read 'the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful,' I contemplated from what they were derived. Then I returned to myself and read: {Whatever is in the heavens and the earth exalts Allah, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise} [Al-Hadid: 1], until I reached: {Believe in Allah and His Messenger and spend out of that in which He has made you successors} [Al-Hadid: 7]. He said: I then said, 'I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.' Then the group [who were hiding] came out quickly, proclaimed the Takbir, and rejoiced at that. Then they said to me, 'Glad tidings, O son of al-Khattab! For the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) supplicated on Monday, saying: "O Allah, strengthen the religion with whichever of the two men is more beloved to You: Umar ibn al-Khattab or Abu Jahl ibn Hisham." And we hope that the supplication of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was for you.' I said, 'Direct me to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh); where is he?' When they recognized my sincerity, they directed me to him in the house where he was. I came until I knocked on the door. They said, 'Who is this?' I said, 'Umar ibn al-Khattab.' They knew of my severity against the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and did not know of my conversion to Islam, so none of them dared to open for me until the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to them, 'Open for him; if Allah intends good for him, He will guide him.' He said: The door was opened for me, and two men took hold of my arms until I approached the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to them, 'Release him.' They released me, and I sat before him. He took hold of the collar of my shirt and then said, 'Embrace Islam, O son of al-Khattab! O Allah, guide him.' I said, 'I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and that you are the Messenger of Allah.' He said: Then the Muslims proclaimed a Takbir that was heard in the streets of Mecca. They were seventy in number before that. When a man used to embrace Islam and people found out about him, they would beat him and he would beat them. He [Umar] said: So I went to a man and knocked on his door. He said, 'Who is this?' I said, 'Umar ibn al-Khattab.' He came out to me, and I said to him, 'Do you know that I have turned apostate?' He said, 'Have you really done so?' I said, 'Yes.' He said, 'Do not do that.' He [Umar] said: He entered the house and slammed the door shut in my face. He [Umar] said: So I went to another man from Quraysh and called him, and he came out. I said to him, 'Do you know that I have turned apostate?' He said, 'You have done so?' I said, 'Yes.' He said, 'Do not do that,' and entered the house and slammed the door shut in my face. I said, 'This is nothing.' He said: I was not being beaten, nor was anything being said to me. Then a man said, 'Would you like your conversion to Islam to be known?' I said, 'Yes.' He said, 'When the people sit in the Hijr, go to such-and-such a person and say to him privately: "Did you realize that I have turned apostate?" For he rarely keeps a secret.' So I went to him while the people had gathered in the Hijr, and I said to him privately, 'Did you realize that I have turned apostate?' He said: He asked, 'You have done so?' I said, 'Yes.' He said: Then he shouted at the top of his voice, 'Behold! Indeed, Umar has turned apostate!' He said: Those people then rushed at me, and I continued beating them and they beating me until my maternal uncle arrived. It was said to him, 'Indeed, Umar has turned apostate.' So he stood on the stone and called out at the top of his voice, 'Behold! I have indeed granted protection to my nephew, so let no one touch him.' He said: So they dispersed from me. However, whenever I saw any of the Muslims being beaten, I would see it [and feel bad]. I said, 'This is nothing; the people are being beaten while I am not being beaten, nor is anything being said to me.' When the people sat in the Hijr, I came to my uncle and said, 'Listen, your protection is returned to you.' He said, 'Do not do that,' but I refused. I continued beating and being beaten until Allah made Islam victorious."

14414 - And on the authority of Ibn Umar, who said: When Umar embraced Islam, he said: "Who is the most prone to spreading tales among the people?" They said: "So-and-so." He said: So he went to him and said: "Indeed, I have embraced Islam, so do not tell anyone." He said: Then he went out dragging his lower garment, with its edge over his shoulder, and cried out: "Verily, Umar has apostatized!" He (Umar) said: "And I was saying: You have lied, rather I have embraced Islam." And he was wearing a shirt. Then a multitude of the Quraysh rose against him; he fought them and they fought him until he fell and they fell upon him. Then a man came upon them and said: "What is the matter with you and this man? Do you think the Banu Adi will leave you and your companion alone? Do you kill a man because he chose for himself to follow Muhammad (pbuh)?" So the people withdrew from him. He (the narrator) said: I said to my father: "Who was the man?" He said: "Al-As ibn Wa’il al-Sahmi."

14415 - And on the authority of 'Umar: that he came to the Prophet (pbuh) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, I shall not leave any gathering in which I sat while in a state of disbelief except that I announce Islam therein." So he went to the Mosque, where the clans of Quraysh were seated in circles, and he began to announce Islam and testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. Thereupon, the polytheists rose against him, and they began striking him and he struck them. When they overwhelmed him, a man rescued him. I said to 'Umar: "Who was the man who rescued you from the polytheists?" He replied: "That was Al-As ibn Wa'il al-Sahmi."

14416 - And from Ibn Abbas, who said: When Umar embraced Islam, the polytheists said: "The people have attained parity against us," and Allah - Mighty and Majestic - revealed: {O Prophet (pbuh), sufficient for you is Allah and for whoever follows you of the believers} [Al-Anfal: 64].

14417 - On the authority of Ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) struck the chest of 'Umar with his hand when he embraced Islam three times, and he was saying: "O Allah, extract whatever rancor is in the chest of 'Umar, and replace it with faith." He said that three times.

14418 - On the authority of Umar ibn Rabi'ah: That Umar ibn al-Khattab sent for Ka'b al-Ahbar and said: "O Ka'b, how do you find my description?" He replied: "I find your description as a horn of iron." He asked: "And what is a horn of iron?" He replied: "A stern leader who is not seized by the blame of any critic for the sake of Allah." He asked: "Then what?" He replied: "Then after you, there will be a Caliph who will be killed by an oppressive faction." Then he asked: "Then what?" He replied: "Then there will be affliction."

14419 - And on the authority of al-Aswad ibn Sari', who said: I came to the Prophet (pbuh) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, I have praised my Lord—Mighty and Majestic—with words of praise and commendation, and [I have praised] you." So the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Indeed, your Lord—Mighty and Majestic—loves praise; bring forth what you have praised your Lord—Mighty and Majestic—with." He said: So I began to recite to him. Then a man came and asked for permission; he was dark-complexioned, tall, balding, and ambidextrous. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) signaled for me to be silent for him. Abu Salama described to us how he signaled for him to be silent, saying: "Just as a cat does." The man came forward and spoke for a while, then he left. Then I began to recite to him again, then he returned afterward and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) signaled for me to be silent for him, and he described it again. I said: "O Messenger of Allah, who is this person for whom you signal for me to be silent?" He said: "This is a man who does not love vanity; this is Umar ibn al-Khattab."

14420 - And in another narration with him as well: until a man with broad shoulders entered. And he added: It was said to me, "Umar ibn al-Khattab," so I knew, by Allah, afterwards that it would have been easy for him, had he heard me, not to speak to me until he grabbed me by my leg and dragged me to al-Baqi'.

Narrated from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Indeed, Allah has placed the truth upon Umar's tongue and his heart."

14422 - And from 'Umar ibn al-Khattab who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying: "Indeed, Allah has placed the truth upon 'Umar's tongue and his heart; he speaks by it."

14423 - And on the authority of Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Verily, Allah has placed the truth upon the tongue of Umar and his heart."

14424 - And on the authority of Bilal, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Indeed, Allah has placed the truth upon the tongue of Umar and his heart."

14425 - And on the authority of Mu'awiyah bin Abi Sufyan: That the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Indeed, Allah has placed the truth upon the tongue of 'Umar and in his heart."

14426 - And on the authority of Aisha: that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "There has not been a prophet except that among his nation there was a teacher or two teachers, and if there is to be anyone among my nation from them, then it is Umar ibn al-Khattab; indeed, the truth is upon the tongue and heart of Umar."

14427 - And on the authority of Ali, who said: "Whenever the righteous are mentioned, then hasten to mention Umar. We, the companions of Muhammad (pbuh), did not deem it unlikely that tranquility speaks upon the tongue of Umar."

14428 - And from Ibn Mas'ud, who said: "We did not consider it far-fetched that the Sakina (divine tranquility) spoke upon the tongue of 'Umar."

14429 - And on the authority of Tariq ibn Shihab, who said: We used to say that tranquility (As-Sakinah) descends upon the tongue of Umar.

On the authority of Abdullah bin Mas'ud, who said: Umar bin al-Khattab excelled over the people in four matters: by his mention regarding the prisoners on the day of Badr; he advocated for their execution, so Allah - Mighty and Majestic - revealed: {If it were not for a decree from Allah that preceded, you would have been touched for what you took by a great punishment} [Al-Anfal: 68]. And by his mention regarding the Hijab; he commanded the wives of the Prophet (pbuh) to veil themselves, so Zaynab said to him: "O son of al-Khattab, do you [enjoin] us while the revelation descends in our houses?" Then Allah - Mighty and Majestic - revealed: {And when you ask them for a matter, ask them from behind a partition} [Al-Ahzab: 53]. And by the supplication of the Prophet (pbuh): "O Allah, strengthen Islam with Umar." And by his opinion regarding Abu Bakr, as he was the first to swear allegiance to him.

14431 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas: that Abdullah ibn Abdullah ibn Ubayy was told by his father: "O my son, request for me from the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) a garment from his garments, and shroud me in it, and bid him to pray over me." Abdullah said: "O Messenger of Allah, you have known the nobility of Abdullah ibn Ubayy, and he has commanded me to request from you a garment that we may shroud him in, and that you pray over him." So he gave him a garment from his garments and intended to pray over him. Umar said: "O Messenger of Allah, you have known Abdullah and his hypocrisy, and Allah has forbidden you from praying over him." He said: "And where [is that]?" He said: "If you ask forgiveness for them seventy times, never will Allah forgive them." The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Then I shall increase it [beyond seventy]." So Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed: {And do not pray [the funeral prayer, O Muhammad], over any of them who has died - ever} [At-Tawbah: 84]. And Allah revealed: {It is all the same for them whether you ask forgiveness for them or do not ask forgiveness for them; never will Allah forgive them} [Al-Munafiqun: 6].
He said: And a man entered upon the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and sat for a long duration. The Prophet (pbuh) went out three times so that he might follow him, but he did not do so. Umar entered and saw the dislike on the face of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) because of his [the man's] sitting. He said: "Perhaps you have annoyed the Prophet (pbuh)?" The man then realized and stood up. The Prophet (pbuh) said: "I stood up three times so that you would follow me, but you did not do so." He [Umar] said: "O Messenger of Allah, if only you would adopt a curtain (hijab); for indeed your wives are not like other women, and it is purer for their hearts." So Allah revealed: {O you who have believed, do not enter the houses of the Prophet except when you are permitted for a meal, without awaiting its readiness} [Al-Ahzab: 53] until the end of the verse. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent for Umar and informed him of that.
He said: And the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) consulted Abu Bakr and Umar regarding the prisoners [of Badr]. Abu Bakr said: "O Messenger of Allah, spare your people and take ransom from them, and use it as assistance." Umar said: "Kill them." He said: "If you two were to agree, we would not go against you." The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) took the opinion of Abu Bakr, so Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed: {It is not for a prophet to have captives [of war] until he inflicts a massacre [upon Allah's enemies] in the land. You desire the commodities of this world, but Allah desires [for you] the Hereafter} [Al-Anfal: 67].
He said: And there was revealed: {And certainly did We create man from an extract of clay. Then We placed him as a sperm-drop in a firm lodging} [Al-Mu'minun: 12-13] until the end of the verse. Umar said: "Blessed be Allah, the best of creators." Then there was revealed: {So blessed is Allah, the best of creators} [Al-Mu'minun: 14].

14432 - And from Ammar bin Yasir, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "O Umar, Gabriel came to me just now, so I said: O Gabriel, tell me of the virtues of Umar bin al-Khattab in the heavens. He replied: O Muhammad, if I were to recount the virtues of Umar to you for as long as Noah remained among his people—a thousand years less fifty years—the virtues of Umar would not be exhausted; and indeed, Umar is but one of the good deeds of Abu Bakr."

14433 - On the authority of 'Ismah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "If there were to be a prophet after me, it would have been 'Umar."

14434 - And on the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "If Allah were to send a messenger after me, He would have sent 'Umar ibn al-Khattab."

14435 - On the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Jibril (peace be upon him) came to me and said: 'Convey greetings of peace to Umar, and tell him: indeed his pleasure is a judgment, and indeed his anger is honor.'"

14436 - On the authority of Abu Wa'il, who said: Abdullah said: "If the knowledge of Umar were placed in one pan of the scale, and the knowledge of the inhabitants of the earth were placed in the other pan, his knowledge would surely outweigh their knowledge."

14437 - And on the authority of Ibn ‘Umar: That the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "I saw in a dream that I was given a large vessel full of milk, and I drank until I was full, until I saw it flowing in my veins between the skin and the flesh, and there remained a surplus, so I gave it to ‘Umar bin al-Khattab." They interpreted it, saying: "O Prophet of Allah, this is knowledge that Allah has given you and filled you with, and there remained a surplus which you gave to ‘Umar bin al-Khattab." He said: "You are correct."

14438 - On the authority of Abdullah - meaning Ibn Mas'ud - who said: Indeed, Umar was the most knowledgeable among us regarding Allah, the most proficient among us in reciting the Book of Allah, and the most deeply understanding among us of the religion of Allah.

14439 - On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Whoever hates Umar has hated me, and whoever loves Umar has loved me. Indeed, Allah boasted of the people on the evening of Arafah generally, and He boasted of Umar specifically. And indeed, Allah never sent a prophet except that there was in his nation a muhaddath (an inspired person), and if there is to be any one of them in my nation, then it is Umar." They said: "O Messenger of Allah, what is a muhaddath?" He said: "The angels speak upon his tongue."

And on the authority of Abu Hurayrah, from the Messenger of Allah (pbuh): "Indeed, Allah - the Mighty and Majestic - boasted to His angels of His servants on the evening of 'Arafah generally, and He boasted of 'Umar specifically."

14441 - And on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) looked one day at 'Umar ibn al-Khattab and smiled at him, then said: "O son of al-Khattab, do you know why I smiled at you?" He said: "Allah and His Messenger know best." He said: "Indeed, Allah - Mighty and Majestic - expressed pride in the people of 'Arafah generally, and He expressed pride in you specifically."

14442 - On the authority of Sudaysah, the freedwoman of Hafsah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Indeed, Satan has not met Umar since he embraced Islam except that he fell prostrate on his face."

14443 - And on the authority of Sudaysah—the freedwoman of Hafsah—from Hafsah, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying—and I had vowed to dance with the tambourine if he arrived from Makkah: While I was doing so, Umar sought permission to enter, so I took the tambourine to the side of the house and covered it with a garment. I said: "O Prophet of Allah, you are more worthy of being feared (revered)." He said: "Indeed, Satan has not met Umar since he embraced Islam except that he fell upon his face." Narrated by al-Tabarani in al-Awsat.

١٤٤٤٤ - On the authority of Shaqiq ibn Salamah Abu Wa'il, who said: Abdullah said: A devil met a man from the companions of the Prophet (pbuh) and wrestled him, and the Muslim threw him down and bit his thumb. He (the devil) said: "Release me, and I shall teach you a verse which none of us hears except that he flees." So he released him, but he refused to teach him. So he wrestled him again, and the Muslim threw him down and bit his thumb. [He said: "Release me, and I shall teach you a verse which none of us hears except that he flees." So he released him, but he refused to teach him, so he returned and wrestled him, and the Muslim threw him down and bit his thumb.] He then said: "Tell me of it," but he refused to teach him. When he returned to him the third time, he said: "It is the verse in Surah al-Baqarah: {Allah! There is no deity except Him, the Ever-Living, the Sustainer of [all] existence} [Al-Baqarah: 255] until the end of it." It was said to Abdullah: "O Abu Abd al-Rahman, who was that man?" He said: "Who could it be other than Umar?"

14445 - And in a narration: On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud also, he said: A man from the companions of the Prophet (pbuh) met a man from among the Jinn and wrestled him, and the human threw him down. The Jinn said to him: "Wrestle me again." So he wrestled him again and the human threw him down. The human said to him: "Indeed, I see you are small and pale, as if your forearms are the forearms of a dog." He asked: "Are all of you like this, O gathering of Jinn—or are you [specifically] like this among them?" He replied: "No, by Allah, I am considered robust among them, but wrestle me a third time, and if you throw me down, I will teach you something that will benefit you." So he wrestled him again and threw him down. He said: "Come then, teach me." He asked: "Do you recite Ayat al-Kursi?" He replied: "Yes." He said: "Indeed, you shall not recite it in a house except that the Shaytan departs from it, passing wind like the wind of a donkey, and he shall not enter it until the morning." A man from the people said: "O Abu Abd al-Rahman, who was that man from among the companions of the Prophet (pbuh)?" He said: Abdullah frowned and turned towards him, saying: "Who could it be other than Umar—may Allah be pleased with him."

14446 - On the authority of Abdullah—meaning Ibn Mas’ud—that the Prophet (pbuh) said: "O Abu Bakr, I saw myself last night at a well drawing water. Then you came and drew water, and you were weak—and may Allah forgive you. Then Umar came, and the bucket turned into a massive one, and the people watered their animals until they knelt down satisfied at the watering place."

14447 - And on the authority of Abu al-Tufayl: that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "While I was drawing water tonight, there came to me black sheep and reddish-white sheep. Then Abu Bakr came and drew a bucket or two, and in his drawing there was weakness—may Allah forgive him. Then Umar came and it turned into a very large bucket, so he filled the troughs and quenched the thirst of those who arrived; and I have never seen a leader more excellent in drawing water than Umar. Thus, I interpreted the black sheep to be the Arabs, and the reddish-white ones to be the non-Arabs."

14448 - And on the authority of Abu Wa'il, who said: "I never saw 'Umar except that there was an angel between his eyes guiding him aright."

14449 - From Umm Salama: That Abd al-Rahman bin Awf entered upon her and said, "O Mother, I fear that my wealth may destroy me, for I am the wealthiest of the Quraysh." She said, "O my son, spend it; for I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say: 'Indeed, among my companions are those who shall not see me after I have departed from them.'" Abd al-Rahman bin Awf went out and met Umar, informing him of what Umm Salama had said. Umar then entered upon her and said, "By Allah, am I among them?" She replied, "No, and I shall not exonerate anyone after you."

14450 - On the authority of Samurah ibn Jundub: That the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to us one day: "Indeed, it has been said to me: Recite to Umar ibn al-Khattab." So he called him and commanded him to recite the Qur'an whenever it was revealed, so that he might recite it to him.

14451 - On the authority of Qudamah bin Mazh'un: that Umar bin al-Khattab caught up with Uthman bin Mazh'un while he was on his mount and Uthman was on his mount, at the mountain pass of al-Athayah in al-Arj. Umar's mount cut off Uthman's mount, while the mount of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) had already proceeded ahead of the caravan. Uthman bin Mazh'un said, "You have caused me pain, O bolt against fitna (trial/turmoil)." When the terrain became easy for the mounts, Umar bin al-Khattab drew near to him and said, "May Allah forgive you, O Abu al-Sa'ib, what is this name you have called me?" He replied, "No, by Allah, I did not name you so; rather, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)—who is there ahead of the caravan leading the people—named you. I passed by one day while we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and he said, 'This is the bolt against fitna,' gesturing with his hand, 'There shall remain between you and fitna a door that is tightly bolted as long as this man lives among you.'"

14452 - And on the authority of Abu Dharr: that he met 'Umar ibn al-Khattab and took his hand and squeezed it, and 'Umar was a strong man. He said: "Release my hand, O lock of tribulation." 'Umar said: "And what is the lock of tribulation?" He said: "You came to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) one day while the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was sitting and the people had gathered around him, and you sat at the end of them. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'No tribulation shall afflict you as long as this one is among you.'"

From al-Hasan: That Uthman ibn Abi al-As married a woman from the women of Umar ibn al-Khattab. He said: "By Allah, I did not marry her when I married her out of a desire for wealth or children, but I wished for her to inform me about the night of Umar (may Allah be pleased with him)." So he asked her: "How was the prayer of Umar during the night?" She said: "He used to pray the Isha prayer, then he would command us to place a vessel of water near his head which we would cover. He would wake up during the night, place his hand in the water, and wipe his face and hands, then he would mention Allah as much as he wished to mention Him. Then he would wake up repeatedly until the hour arrived in which he would stand for his prayer." Ibn Buraydah said: "Who narrated this to you?" He replied: "The daughter of Uthman ibn Abi al-As narrated it to me." He said: "She is trustworthy."

14454 - On the authority of Ibn Umar, that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was in a garden. Abu Bakr asked for permission to enter, so he (pbuh) said: "Grant him permission, and give him the glad tidings of Paradise." Then Umar asked for permission, so he (pbuh) said: "Grant him permission, and give him the glad tidings of Paradise and martyrdom." Then Uthman asked for permission, so he (pbuh) said: "Grant him permission, and give him the glad tidings of Paradise and martyrdom."

14455 - And from Ibn Umar, he said: The Prophet (pbuh) saw a white garment on Umar, and he said: "Is your garment new or washed?" He said: I do not know what he replied to him, so the Prophet (pbuh) said: "Wear new, live praiseworthy, die a martyr, and may Allah grant you the delight of the eye in this world and the hereafter."

14456 - And on the authority of Jabir bin Abdullah, who said: "We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) when Umar bin al-Khattab approached wearing a white shirt. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to him: 'O Umar, is this shirt of yours new or washed?' He replied: 'Washed.' He (pbuh) said: 'Wear new, live praiseworthily, and die a martyr, and may Allah grant you the delight of the eye in this world and the Hereafter.'"

14457 - And from Anas: That the Prophet (pbuh) said: "While I was walking in Paradise, I suddenly came across a palace." He said: "I asked: 'To whom does this belong, O Jibril?' — and I hoped it would be mine — and he replied: 'To Umar.'" He said: "Then I proceeded for a while, and I suddenly came across a palace better than the first one." He said: "I asked: 'To whom does this belong, O Jibril?' — and I hoped it would be mine — and he replied: 'To Umar, and indeed within it are the wide-eyed maidens (Al-Hur al-In) — O Abu Hafs — and nothing prevented me from entering it except for your sense of protective jealousy (ghayrah).'" He said: Then the eyes of Umar welled up with tears, and he said: "As for you, I would never feel jealous."

14458 - And in a narration: "And behold, I was at a palace of gold."

14459 - And he added: Narrated from Abu Hurairah that he said the same, except that he said: "Umar is ghayur (possessing protective jealousy), and I am more ghayur than him, and Allah is more ghayur than us."

14460 - And from Mu'adh ibn Jabal, who said: "Indeed, Umar is certainly among the people of Paradise. Whatever the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saw in his wakefulness or his sleep is the truth, and he said: 'While I was in Paradise, I saw a house therein, so I asked: "To whom does this belong?" They replied: "To Umar ibn al-Khattab."'"

14461 - On the authority of Ibn Umar, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Umar is the lamp of the people of Paradise."

14462 - On the authority of Ubayy ibn Ka'b, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Gabriel (as) said to me: 'Let Islam weep over the death of Umar.'"

14463 - And from Abdullah ibn Umar, who said: When Abu Lu'lu'ah stabbed Umar, he stabbed him twice. Umar thought that he had a sin against the people that he did not know of, so he called for Ibn Abbas—whom he used to love, keep close, and listen to—and said: "I would like to know if this was by a council of the people?" Ibn Abbas went out, and he did not pass by any group of people except that they were weeping. He returned to Umar and said: "O Leader of the Believers, I did not pass by any group except that they were weeping as if they had lost their firstborn children today." He asked: "Who killed me?" He replied: "Abu Lu'lu'ah the Magian, the slave of al-Mughirah ibn Shu'ba." Ibn Abbas said: "I saw joy in his face, and he said: 'Praise be to Allah who did not test me with a person who would argue against me [on the Day of Judgment] saying: There is no god but Allah. Verily, I had forbidden you from bringing any of the foreign non-Arabs to us, but you disobeyed me.'" Then he said: "Call my brothers to me." They asked: "Who?" He said: "Uthman, Ali, Talha, al-Zubayr, Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, and Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas." He sent for them, then placed his head in my lap. When they arrived, I said: "These people have arrived." He said: "Yes. I have looked into the matter of the Muslims and I have found you six to be the heads of the people and their leaders. This matter [the Caliphate] shall not be except among you. As long as you remain upright, the affairs of the people will remain upright, but if there is disagreement, it will be among you." [Ibn Abbas said:] "When I heard him mention disagreement and discord, and that it might be, I thought it would happen, for he rarely said something except that I saw it come to pass." Then blood drained from him, and they whispered among themselves until I feared they would pledge allegiance to one of their men. I said: "The Leader of the Believers is still alive, and there cannot be two Caliphs looking at one another." He said: "Carry me." So we carried him. He said: "Consult for three [days], and Suhayb shall lead the people in prayer." They asked: "Whom should we consult, O Leader of the Believers?" He said: "Consult the Muhajirun, the Ansar, and the nobles of the military forces who are here." Then he called for a drink of milk. He drank it, and the whiteness of the milk came out of the two wounds. He realized it was death and said: "Now, even if I possessed the whole world, I would ransom myself with it from the terror of the prospect [of the afterlife]. And that is not because—and praise be to Allah—I have seen anything but good." Ibn Abbas said: "If I may speak, may Allah reward you with good. Did not the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) pray that Allah strengthen the religion and the Muslims through you when they were afraid in Mecca? When you embraced Islam, your Islam was a source of strength, and Islam and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and his companions became manifest through you. You migrated to Medina, and your migration was a victory. Then you were never absent from any battle the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) witnessed against the polytheists from such-and-such a day to such-and-such a day. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) passed away while he was pleased with you. Then you assisted the Caliph after him upon the methodology of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), and you struck those who turned away with those who advanced until the people entered Islam willingly or unwillingly. Then the Caliph passed away while he was pleased with you. Then you were appointed [as leader] with the best of what people are appointed to; Allah established the provincial cities through you, collected the wealth through you, repelled the enemy through you, and through you, Allah brought to every household an expansion in their religion and an expansion in their provisions. Then He sealed your life with martyrdom; so, congratulations to you." He said: "By Allah, the deceived one is the one you [all] deceive." Then he said: "Will you testify for me, O Abdullah, before Allah on the Day of Resurrection?" He replied: "Yes." He said: "O Allah, to You belongs all praise. Place my cheek on the ground, O Abdullah ibn Umar." So I moved his head from my thigh to my shin. He said: "Place my cheek on the ground." So he left his beard and cheek until they rested on the ground, then he said: "Woe to you and woe to your mother, O Umar, if Allah does not forgive you, O Umar." Then he passed away—may Allah have mercy on him. When he passed away, they sent for Abdullah ibn Umar, and he said: "I will not come to you unless you do what he commanded you regarding consulting the Muhajirun, the Ansar, and the nobles of the military forces who are here..."

14464 - And from Abu Rafi' who said: Abu Lu'lu'a was a slave of al-Mughira bin Shu'ba, and he used to manufacture millstones. Al-Mughira used to take a daily revenue from him of four dirhams. Abu Lu'lu'a met 'Umar and said: "O Commander of the Faithful, al-Mughira has burdened me with my revenue, so speak to him to reduce it for me." 'Umar said to him: "Fear Allah and be good to your master." 'Umar's intention was to meet al-Mughira and speak to him so that he would reduce it. The slave became angry and said: "His justice has encompassed all people except me." So he harbored the intent to kill him. He fashioned a double-headed dagger, sharpened it, and poisoned it. Then he brought it to al-Hurmuzan and said: "How do you see this?" He said: "I see that you will not strike anyone with it but that you will kill him." Abu Lu'lu'a then waited for an opportunity and came during the morning prayer until he stood behind 'Umar. When the prayer was called and 'Umar spoke, he would say: "Straighten your rows," as he used to say. When he said the takbir, Abu Lu'lu'a stabbed him in his shoulder and in his side. 'Umar fell, and he (the slave) stabbed thirteen men with his dagger; seven of them died and six survived. 'Umar was taken to his house, and the people were in a state of commotion until the sun was almost rising. 'Abd al-Rahman bin 'Awf called out: "O people, the prayer, the prayer, the prayer!" They rushed to the prayer, and 'Abd al-Rahman bin 'Awf stepped forward and led them with the shortest two Surahs of the Quran. When he finished the prayer, they went towards 'Umar. He called for a drink to see the extent of his wound. Nabidh was brought to him, and he drank it, and it came out of his wound. He did not know if it was Nabidh or blood. Then he called for milk and drank it, and it came out of his wound. They said: "There is no harm upon you, O Commander of the Faithful." He said: "If killing is my harm, then I have indeed been killed." People began to praise him, saying: "May Allah reward you with good, O Commander of the Faithful; you were such and such." Then they would leave and another group would come and praise him. 'Umar said: "By Allah, despite what they say, I wish that I would emerge from it evenly—nothing against me and nothing for me—and that the companionship of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) remained secure for me." 'Abd Allah bin 'Abbas spoke—and he was at his head, and he was so close to him as if he were from his family, and Ibn 'Abbas used to recite the Quran—so 'Abd Allah bin 'Abbas said: "By Allah, you shall not emerge from it merely evenly. You accompanied the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and you were the best companion to him, and you were such and such for him, until the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) passed away while he was pleased with you. Then you accompanied the successor of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), then you yourself were appointed over it, O Commander of the Faithful, and you ruled it with the best that a ruler could rule; you did this and you did that." 'Umar found comfort in the words of Ibn 'Abbas and said: "O Ibn 'Abbas, repeat your words to me." So he repeated them to him. 'Umar said: "By Allah, despite what they say, if I had the earth's fill of gold, I would ransom myself with it today from the terror of the sight of the hereafter. I have placed it (the leadership) for consultation among six: 'Uthman, 'Ali, Talha bin 'Ubayd Allah, al-Zubayr bin al-'Awwam, 'Abd al-Rahman bin 'Awf, and Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas. And he placed 'Abd Allah bin 'Umar with them as an advisor [but not as one of them]. He gave them a period of three days and commanded Suhayb to lead the people in prayer."

14465 - And on the authority of Tariq ibn Shihab, who said: Umm Ayman said on the day Umar was killed: "Today, Islam has become frail."

14466 - On the authority of Zayd ibn Wahb, who said: Two men came to Abd Allah—meaning Ibn Mas'ud—while I was with him, and they said: "O Abu Abd al-Rahman, how do you recite this verse?" So Abd Allah recited it to them, and one of the men said: "Abu Hakim taught me to recite it such and such." The other man then recited, and Abd Allah asked: "Who taught you to recite it?" He replied: "Umar." Abd Allah said: "Recite as Umar taught you to recite." Then Abd Allah wept until I saw his tears falling upon the pebbles. Then he said: "Indeed, Umar was a fortified fortress for Islam; people would enter into it and not leave it. But now, the fortress has been breached; so people are leaving it and not entering."

14467 - And he added in a narration: Abdullah said: I do not think there is a household among the Muslims that was not entered by grief on the day Umar was stricken, except for a household of evil; indeed, Umar was the most knowledgeable among us concerning Allah, the best reciter among us of the Book of Allah, and the most deeply learned among us in the religion of Allah. Recite it, for by Allah (just as Umar taught you to recite it, for by Allah it is) clearer than the road of al-Saylahin.

14468 - And in a narration: And he—meaning Umar—whenever he took a path, we found it easy. When the righteous are mentioned, then welcome and hasten to the mention of Umar; he was the virtue between excess and deficiency. By Allah, I would have loved to serve someone like him until I die.

14469 - And from Abdullah also, he said: When the righteous are mentioned, then welcome Umar. Indeed, the conversion of Umar to Islam was a victory, and his leadership was a conquest. By Allah, I do not know of anyone on the face of the earth who did not feel the loss of Umar, even the thorny trees. By Allah, I verily believe that between his eyes was an angel who guided him. By Allah, I verily believe that Satan was terrified of him, fearing to introduce an innovation into Islam lest Umar should refute him. By Allah, if I knew of a dog that loved Umar, I would certainly love it.

14470 - And in a narration: I have loved Umar to such an extent that I feared Allah, and I wished that I were a servant to Umar until I die.

14471 - And in a narration: If Umar were to love a dog, it would be the most beloved of dogs to me.

14472 - And in a narration: "I have indeed feared Allah regarding my love for Umar."

14473 - On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud: that Sa'id bin Zayd said: "O Abu Abd al-Rahman, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) passed away, so where is he?" He replied: "In Paradise." He said: "Abu Bakr passed away, so where is he?" He replied: "That is the tenderhearted one near every sought-after good." He said: "Umar passed away, so where is he?" He replied: "When the righteous are mentioned, then hail to Umar."

14474 - And on the authority of Ibn Umar, who said: When Umar was stabbed, they sent for a doctor. A man from the Ansar came and gave him milk to drink, and the milk came out from the wound that was below the navel. The doctor said to him: "Make your final testament, for I do not see you reaching the evening." He said: "You have told me the truth."

14475 - And on the authority of Abd al-Rahman bin Yasar, who said: "I witnessed the death of Umar bin al-Khattab, and the sun eclipsed on that day."

14476 - And on the authority of 'Urwa b. al-Zubayr, who said: "When 'Umar was killed, al-Zubayr erased his name from the register."

And on the authority of Al-Miswar bin Makhramah, he said: Umar governed for ten years, then he passed away.

14478 - And on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas: that 'Umar ibn al-Khattab died while he was sixty-six years old.

14479 - And on the authority of Qatadah, who said: Umar was killed while he was sixty-one years old.

14480 - And from Ibn Shihab, he said: 'Umar died while he was at the head of fifty-five years.

14481 - And on the authority of Salim bin Abdullah: That Umar passed away while he was fifty-five years old.

14482 - And on the authority of Ibn ‘Umar, who said: ‘Umar passed away when he was fifty-five years old, and he said: "Gray hair hastened upon me from the side of my maternal uncles, the Banu al-Mughirah."

14483 - And on the authority of Sahl bin Sa'd al-Ansari, who said: Umar was buried on Wednesday, with three days remaining in Dhu al-Hijjah in the year twenty-three.

14484 - And on the authority of al-Layth ibn Sa'd, who said: The Commander of the Faithful, 'Umar, was killed at the time of the pilgrims' return, and that was in the year twenty-three.

14485 - And on the authority of Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah, who said: 'Umar passed away in the year twenty-three, and his caliphate lasted ten years.

14486 - And on the authority of 'Amr ibn 'Ali, who said: It is said: 'Umar was killed while he was sixty-three years old, but the established record is that he was fifty-eight years old. Narrated by al-Tabarani.

14487 - And from Yahya ibn Bukayr, who said: Umar was appointed as caliph in Rajab of the year thirteen, and he was killed at the end of Dhu al-Hijjah in the year twenty-three. He lived for three days after the stabbing and died at the end of Dhu al-Hijjah. Suhayb offered the funeral prayer for him, and his son Abdullah oversaw his washing and shrouded him in five garments. He was buried with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). He was stabbed on Wednesday, with nine days remaining in Dhu al-Hijjah. Some people said: He died on that same day. His age on the day he passed away, according to what I heard Malik ibn Anas mention, was that he had reached the age of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), being sixty-three years old. Some people say: fifty-nine. And some of them say: fifty-three, and fifty-five. His caliphate lasted ten years, four months, and some days. Narrated by al-Tabarani.

14488 - And on the authority of Ma'ruf ibn Abi Ma'ruf, who said: When Umar passed away, I heard a voice saying: "Let him who is to weep, weep for Islam, for they are on the verge of perishing, though the era has not yet grown old. The world has turned its back and its goodness has departed, and those who were certain of the promise have become weary of it."

14489 - Mus'ab bin Abdullah al-Zubayri said: Uthman bin Affan bin Abi al-As bin Umayyah bin Abd Shams bin Abd Manaf bin Qusay bin Kilab bin Murrah bin Ka'b bin Lu'ayy bin Ghalib bin Fihr. He was nicknamed Abu Amr, and it is also said: Abu Abdullah. The mother of Uthman bin Affan was Arwa bint Kurayz bin Rabi'ah bin Habib bin Abd Shams, and the mother of Arwa was Umm Hakim al-Bayda bint Abd al-Muttalib, the paternal aunt of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). The mother of Umm Hakim was Fatimah bint Amr bin A'idh bin Imran bin Makhzum, and she was the paternal grandmother of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh).

14490 - On the authority of Usama bin Zayd, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent me to Uthman with a dish containing meat. I entered upon him while Ruqayyah was sitting, and I have never seen a pair more beautiful than the two of them. I began looking at Ruqayyah at one moment and at Uthman at another. When I returned, the Prophet (pbuh) said to me: "Did you enter upon them?" I said: "Yes." He said: "Have you seen a couple more beautiful than them?" I replied: "No, O Messenger of Allah; I found myself looking at Ruqayyah at one moment and at Uthman at another."

14491 - And on the authority of 'Abdullah bin Hazm al-Mazini, who said: I saw 'Uthman bin 'Affan, and I have never seen any male or female with a more handsome face than him.

14492 - And from Abdullah bin Shaddad bin al-Had, he said: I saw Uthman bin Affan on Friday upon the pulpit, wearing a thick lower garment from Aden, the price of which was four or five dirhams, and a Kufan mantle dyed with red clay; he was lean of flesh, with a long beard and a handsome face.

14493 - And on the authority of Musa ibn Talha, who said: Uthman used to lean on a staff on the day of Friday, and he was the most handsome of people, and he would be wearing two yellow garments: a waist-wrap and a cloak, until he reached the pulpit and sat upon it.

14494 - And on the authority of Abdullah bin 'Awn al-Qari, who said: "I saw Uthman bin Affan with a white beard."

14495 - And from Ibn Abi Dhi'b, from Abd al-Rahman bin Sa'd, who said: I saw Uthman bin Affan with a yellow beard.

And from Umm Musa, she said: "Uthman was among the most handsome of people."

14497 - And on the authority of Al-Hasan b. Abi Al-Hasan, who said: I entered the mosque, and there I saw Uthman b. Affan leaning on his cloak. Two water carriers came to him disputing, so he judged between them. Then I approached him and looked at him, and he was a man of handsome face, with pockmarks of smallpox on his face, and his hair covered his forearms...

14498 - On the authority of Anas, who said: "Uthman went out as a migrant to the land of Abyssinia, and with him was Ruqayya, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). News of them was delayed from the Prophet (pbuh), so he used to go out awaiting news of them. Then a woman came to him and informed him, so the Prophet (pbuh) said: 'Indeed, Uthman is the first to migrate to Allah with his family after Lot.'"

14499 - And on the authority of Zayd bin Thabit, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "There was no emigrant between Uthman and Ruqayyah and Lot." Meaning that they were the first to migrate to Abyssinia.

14500 - On the authority of Abd al-Rahman bin Uthman al-Qurashi: that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) entered upon his daughter while she was washing the head of Uthman, and he said: "O my dear daughter, treat Abu Abd Allah well; for he is the most similar of my companions to me in character."

14501 - And on the authority of Abu Hurayrah, who said: "I entered upon Ruqayyah, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and the wife of Uthman, while she had a comb in her hand. She said: 'The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) has just left my presence; I had combed his hair. He said: "How do you find Abu Abd Allah?" I replied: "Well." He said: "Then honor him, for he is among my companions most resembling me in character."'"

14502 - On the authority of Ibn Abi Awfa who said: Abu Bakr sought permission to enter upon the Prophet (pbuh) while a young girl was beating the tambourine, so he entered. Then Umar sought permission and entered. Then Uthman sought permission and she stopped. He said: So the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Indeed, Uthman is a modest man."

14503 - On the authority of Hafsah bint Umar, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) entered upon me one day and placed his garment between his thighs. Then Abu Bakr came and sought permission, and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) gave him permission while he was in that state. Then Umar came seeking permission, and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) gave him permission while he was in that state. Then some people from among his companions came and he gave them permission. Then Ali came, and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) gave him permission while he was in that state. Then Uthman ibn Affan came and sought permission, so he covered himself with his garment and gave him permission. They spoke for a while, then they left. I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr, Umar, Ali, and people from among your companions entered while you were in your state and did not move, but when Uthman entered, you covered yourself with your garment?' He said: 'Should I not be shy before one of whom the angels are shy?'"

14504 - Narrated from Abdullah bin Umar, who said: "While the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was sitting and Aisha was sitting behind him, Abu Bakr sought permission and entered, then Umar sought permission and entered, then Ali sought permission and entered, then Saad bin Malik sought permission and entered, then Uthman bin Affan sought permission and entered. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was speaking with his knees uncovered, so he drew his garment over his knees and said to his wife: 'Move back away from me.' They conversed for a time and then departed. Aisha said: I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, your companions entered upon you and you did not adjust your garment, nor did you move me back from you, until Uthman entered?' He said: 'Should I not feel shy before one of whom the angels feel shy! By the One in Whose Hand is the soul of Muhammad, the angels indeed feel shy before Uthman just as they feel shy before Allah and His Messenger; and had he entered while you were near me, he would not have raised his head nor spoken until he departed.'"

14505 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was sitting in a house wearing a waist-wrapper (izar) which he had placed between his legs, and his thighs were exposed. Then Abu Bakr came and sought permission to enter, so he permitted him and he entered. Then Umar came, and he permitted him and he entered. Then Uthman came, and he permitted him. When the Prophet (pbuh) saw him, he stood up quickly until he entered the house. This was distressing to Aisha, so when the people left, she said: 'O Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr and Umar entered and you did not change your state, but when Uthman entered, you stood up?!' He said: 'O Aisha, should I not feel bashful before one of whom the angels feel bashful? Indeed, the angels feel bashful before Uthman.'"

14506 - And on the authority of Badr bin Khalid, who said: Zaid bin Thabit stood before us on the Day of the House and said: "Do you not feel bashful before the one from whom the angels feel bashful?" I said: "And what is that?" He said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say: 'Uthman passed by me while an angel from among the angels was with me, and he said: [He is] a martyr whom his people will kill; indeed, we feel bashful before him.'" Badr said: "So a group of people among us withdrew from him."

14507 - And from Al-Hasan, and he mentioned 'Uthman and the intensity of his modesty, saying: Verily, he would be in the house with the door closed upon him, yet he would not remove his garment to pour water over himself; his modesty prevented him from straightening his back.

On the authority of Ibn Abbas, from the Prophet (pbuh) who said: "Indeed, Allah - Mighty and Majestic - revealed to me that I should marry my noble daughter to Uthman."

14509 - And on the authority of Abu Hurairah, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) stood over the grave of his second daughter who was married to Uthman, and he said: 'Is there no father of an unmarried woman? Is there no brother of an unmarried woman who would marry her to Uthman? For if they were ten, I would have married them to Uthman, and I did not marry him except by revelation from the heaven.'"

14510 - On the authority of Uthman who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to me when he married his other daughter to me: 'If I had ten [daughters], I would have married them to you one after another; for indeed I am pleased with you.'"

14511 - And on the authority of 'Ismah, who said: "When the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) who was under 'Uthman [in marriage] died, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'Marry 'Uthman; if I had a third [daughter], I would have married her to him, and I only married him [to them] by revelation from Allah — Mighty and Majestic —.'"

14512 - And from Umm ‘Ayyash, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say: "I did not marry Umm Kulthum to ‘Uthman except by revelation from the heaven."

14513 - And from her, she said: Ruqayyah gave birth to a son for Uthman, so the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) named him Abdullah, and he gave Uthman the kunya of Abu Abdullah. Al-Tabarani narrated it with the chain of the report preceding it.

On the authority of Shaqiq, who said: Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf met al-Walid ibn Uqba, and al-Walid said to him: "Why is it that I see you have shunned the Commander of the Faithful, Uthman?" Abd al-Rahman said [to him]: "Inform him on my behalf that I did not flee on the Day of Aynayn" — Asim said: "meaning the Day of Uhud" — "and I did not stay behind from Badr, and I did not abandon the Sunnah of Umar." He said: So he went and informed Uthman of that. He said: So [Uthman] said: "As for his saying: 'I did not flee on the Day of Aynayn,' how can he reproach me for a sin that Allah has already forgiven? Allah the Exalted said: {Indeed, those of you who turned back on the day the two armies met, it was Satan who caused them to backslide because of some [sins] they had earned. But Allah has already forgiven them} [Al Imran: 155]. And as for his saying: 'I did not stay behind from Badr,' I was nursing Ruqayya, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), until she passed away, and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) assigned a share for me, and whoever the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) assigned a share for is considered to have been present. And as for his saying: 'I did not abandon the Sunnah of Umar,' indeed, neither I nor he can bear it. So go to him and inform him of that."

And on the authority of Ibn Umar: that the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) fell ill, so the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Stay with her, for she must have either me or you, and you have more right." So the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) left him behind to care for her, and when Allah granted him victory, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent word to give him glad tidings that "Allah has completed their number through you."

14516 - And from 'Urwa, he said: 'Uthman bin 'Affan stayed behind in Medina with his wife, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), as she was ailing and in pain. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) allotted him his share. He asked: "And my reward, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied: "And your reward."

14517 - And from Salamah bin al-Akwa': that when the Prophet (pbuh) sent 'Uthman to the people of Makkah and his companions gave the Pledge of al-Ridwan, he pledged on behalf of 'Uthman by striking one of his hands upon the other. The people said: "Congratulations to Abu 'Abdullah; he is circumambulating the House in safety." The Prophet (pbuh) said: "Even if he were to stay for such and such a duration, he would not circumambulate the House until I circumambulate."

14518 - And on the authority of 'Uthman, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) left me behind from [the Battle of] Badr, yet he allotted a share for me. And 'Uthman said regarding the Pledge of al-Ridwan: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) struck his right hand upon his left on my behalf, and the left hand of the Messenger of Allah is better than my right hand.

14519 - And on the authority of Sa‘id ibn al-Musayyib, who said: ‘Uthman raised his voice against ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Awf, who said to him: "For what reason do you raise your voice against me, when I witnessed Badr and you did not, and I pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and you did not, and you fled on the day of Uhud and I did not flee?" ‘Uthman said to him: "As for your saying that you witnessed Badr and I did not; the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) left me behind to care for his daughter, yet he designated a share for me and gave me my reward. As for your saying that you pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and I did not; the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent me to a group of the polytheists, and you were aware of that. When I was detained, he struck his right hand against his left and said: 'This is for ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan.' And the left hand of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) is better than my right hand. As for your saying that I fled on the day of Uhud and you did not flee; indeed Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, said: {Indeed, those of you who turned back on the day the two armies met, it was Satan who caused them to slip because of some of what they had earned. And Allah has already forgiven them} [Al ‘Imran: 155]. Why then do you reproach me for a sin that Allah has already forgiven?"

14520 - On the authority of Aisha, she said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) entered upon me and saw some meat, so he said: 'Who sent this?' I said: 'Uthman.' She said: 'Then I saw the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) raising his hands, supplicating for Uthman.'"

14521 - And from 'Abd al-Rahman bin 'Awf: that he witnessed that when 'Uthman bin 'Affan gave the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) what he used to equip the Army of Hardship, and he brought seven hundred ounces of gold.

And on the authority of Anas, who said: "Uthman ibn Affan came with dinars and poured them into the lap of the Prophet (pbuh). Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) began turning them over and saying: 'Nothing shall harm Uthman for whatever he does after this day.'"

14523 - And on the authority of Abu Mas'ud, who said: We were with the Prophet (pbuh) in a military expedition, and the people were afflicted by severe hardship until I saw distress in the faces of the Muslims and joy in the faces of the hypocrites. When the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saw that, he said: "By Allah, the sun shall not set until Allah brings you provision." Thus, Uthman knew that Allah and His Messenger would be truthful, so Uthman purchased fourteen riding camels with the food they carried, and he directed nine of them to the Prophet. When the Prophet (pbuh) saw that, he said: "What is this?" He was told: "Uthman has presented these as a gift to you." Then joy was recognized in the face of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and distress in the faces of the hypocrites. I saw the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) raising his hands until the whiteness of his armpits was visible, supplicating for Uthman with a supplication that I had never heard him make for anyone before him nor after him: "O Allah, give to Uthman; O Allah, do for Uthman."

14524 - On the authority of Abu al-Malih, from his father, who said: The Prophet (pbuh) said to the owner of the plot that was added to the Mosque of Medina, and its owner was from the Ansar; the Prophet (pbuh) said: "You shall have a house in Paradise for it." He replied: "No." Then Uthman came and said to him: "You shall have ten thousand dirhams for it," so he bought it from him. Then Uthman came to the Prophet (pbuh) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, buy from me the plot which I bought from the Ansari." So he bought it from him for a house in Paradise. Uthman said: "For I have bought it for ten thousand dirhams." Then the Prophet (pbuh) placed a brick, then he called Abu Bakr and he placed a brick, then he called Umar and he placed a brick, then Uthman came and placed a brick, then he said to the people: "Place [your bricks]," so they placed them.

14525 - On the authority of Uthman bin Affan, who said: I have stored ten [traits] with my Lord: I was the fourth of four in Islam; I have never sung; I have never entertained false desires; I have not placed my right hand upon my private parts since I pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh); no Friday has passed since I embraced Islam except that I emancipated a slave during it, and if I did not have one at the time, I would emancipate one afterward; and I have never committed adultery, neither during the time of Ignorance nor in Islam.

14526 - From Umar ibn Ibrahim al-Yashkuri, who said: I heard my mother narrate that her mother went to the House as a pilgrim, and the House at that time had two doors. She said: When I finished my circumambulation, I entered upon Aisha. She said: I said to her: "O Mother of the Believers, indeed some of your sons have sent greetings to you, and the people have spoken much regarding Uthman, so what do you say about him?" She said: "May Allah curse whoever curses him, may Allah curse whoever curses him" — I believe she said it three times — "I have seen the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) leaning his thigh against Uthman, while I was wiping the sweat from the forehead of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) as the Revelation was descending upon him, and he married him to two of his daughters, one after the other, and he would say: 'Write, O Uthaym.' She said: 'Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, would not place a servant in such a position with His Prophet unless he were a servant noble to Him.'"

14527 - And in a narration: "and he was leaning his back against me." It was narrated by Ahmad, and al-Tabarani in al-Awsat, except that he said: on the authority of Umm Kulthum bint Thumamah al-Hinti, that her brother al-Mukhariq ibn Thumamah al-Hinti said to her: "Go to Aisha and convey my greetings of peace to her." So she entered upon her and said: "Indeed, one of your sons conveys his greetings of peace to you." Aisha said: "And upon him be peace and the mercy of Allah and His blessings." She said: "And he asks you to narrate to him about 'Uthman ibn 'Affan, for the people have said much concerning him in our presence when he was killed." She said: "As for me, I bear witness that 'Uthman ibn 'Affan was in this house, and the Prophet of Allah (pbuh) and Gabriel came to the Prophet (pbuh) on a sweltering night. And whenever revelation would descend upon him, a heaviness would descend upon him; Allah—Exalted is His Mention—says: {Indeed, We shall cast upon you a heavy word} [al-Muzzammil: 5]" and he mentioned the like of it.

14528 - On the authority of Jabir who said: "While we were with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) in a house among a group of the Muhajirun, including Abu Bakr, 'Umar, 'Uthman, 'Ali, Talhah, al-Zubayr, 'Abd al-Rahman bin 'Awf, and Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'Let every man rise for his peer.' The Prophet (pbuh) then rose for 'Uthman, embraced him, and said: 'You are my ally in this world and my ally in the Hereafter.'"

14529 - And on the authority of ‘Ubayd al-Himyari, who said: “I was with ‘Uthman when he was besieged, and he said: ‘Is Talhah here?’ Talhah—may Allah have mercy on him—replied: ‘Yes.’ He said: ‘Be upright.’ Then he said: ‘I adjure you by Allah, do you not know that we were with the Prophet (pbuh) when he said: “Let every man among you take the hand of his companion”? So you took the hand of so-and-so, and so-and-so took the hand of so-and-so, until every man had taken the hand of his companion, and the Prophet (pbuh) took my hand and said: “This is my companion in this world and my close friend in the Hereafter.”’ He replied: ‘O Allah, yes.’”

14530 - On the authority of Ibn Umar, who said: "I was with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) when a man came to the Prophet (pbuh) and shook his hand. The Prophet (pbuh) did not withdraw his hand from the man's hand until the man withdrew his hand. Then he said to him: 'O Messenger of Allah, Uthman has arrived.' He said: 'A man from the people of Paradise.'"

14531 - On the authority of Jabir ibn Abdullah, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying: "Uthman is in Paradise."

14532 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas: "That Umm Kulthum came to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, Fatima's husband is better than my husband.' The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) remained silent, then he said: 'Your husband is loved by Allah and His Messenger, and he loves Allah and His Messenger; and I shall tell you more: if you were to enter Paradise and see his station, you would not see anyone among my companions surpassing him in his station.'"

14533 - And from Ubaydullah bin 'Adi bin al-Khiyar: That Uthman bin 'Affan said to him: "O son of my brother, did you meet the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)?" He replied: "No. However, there has reached me of his knowledge [and certainty] that which reaches the virgin in her seclusion." He said: Then he [Uthman] bore witness, then said: "To proceed, indeed Allah - Mighty and Majestic - sent Muhammad (pbuh) with the truth, and I was among those who responded to Allah and His Messenger, and believed in what Muhammad (pbuh) was sent with. Then I migrated the two migrations as I said, and I attained the status of being the son-in-law of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), and I gave the pledge of allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). By Allah, I never disobeyed him, nor did I deceive him, until Allah - Mighty and Majestic - took him."

On the authority of Al-Nazzal ibn Sabrah, who said: When 'Uthman was appointed as Caliph, 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud said: "We have appointed as leader the best of those who remained, and we did not fall short."

14535 - And in a narration: We did not fall short of hitting its highest part with a notched arrow.

On the authority of Abdullah bin Hawalah, who said: I came to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) while he was sitting in the shade of a large lote tree with a scribe with him to whom he was dictating. He said: "Shall I not enroll you, O Ibn Hawalah?" I replied: "I do not know; whatever Allah and His Messenger choose for me." So he turned away from me. Isma'il said once: "Then he leaned forward, dictating to him." Then he said: "Shall we enroll you, O Ibn Hawalah?" I replied: "I do not know; whatever Allah and His Messenger choose for me." So he turned away from me and leaned over his scribe, dictating to him. He [Ibn Hawalah] said: I looked, and there in the writing was 'Umar.' I then knew that Umar would not be recorded except for something good. Then he said: "Shall we enroll you, O Ibn Hawalah?" I said: "Yes." He said: "O Ibn Hawalah, what will you do during tribulations that emerge from the regions of the earth as if they were the horns of cattle?" I said: "I do not know; whatever Allah and His Messenger choose for me." [He said: "And what will you do during another that emerges after it, as if the first one compared to it were but the puffiness of a rabbit?"] I said: "I do not know; whatever Allah and His Messenger choose for me." He said: "Follow this man." At that moment, a man was walking away with his back turned, so I went and hurried until I grabbed him by his shoulder and turned his face toward the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and asked: "This one?" He said: "Yes." And it was Uthman bin Affan, may Allah be pleased with him.

14537 - On the authority of Jubayr bin Nufayr, who said: While we were encamped with Mu'awiyah after the killing of 'Uthman, Murrah bin Ka'b al-Bahzi stood up and said: "By Allah, had it not been for something I heard from the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), I would not have stood in this place." When Mu'awiyah heard the mention of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), he made the people sit down. Murrah said: "While we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), 'Uthman bin 'Affan passed by us, walking and cloaked. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'A tribulation will surely emerge from beneath the legs—or from beneath the feet—of this one, and whoever follows him on that day will be upon guidance.' So I stood up until I took hold of 'Uthman's shoulders and presented him clearly to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), saying: 'Is it this one?' He replied: 'Yes, this one; and whoever follows him on that day will be upon guidance.'" Then 'Abdullah bin Hawalah al-Azdi stood up from near the pulpit and said: "Are you truly the witness of this?" He replied: "Yes." 'Abdullah said: "By Allah, I was present in that gathering, and had I known that I would find someone in the army to believe me, I would have been the first to speak of it."

14538 - And on the authority of Abdullah bin Umar, who said: Abu Bakr is al-Siddiq; you have correctly identified his name. Umar is a horn of iron. Uthman is Dhu al-Nurayn; you have correctly identified his name, he was killed as an oppressed one, and he was granted two portions of reward.

14539 - And from Hafsah, the wife of the Prophet (pbuh): That she was sitting with Aisha and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "I wish that some of my companions were with me so that we might converse." Aisha said: "Shall I send for Abu Bakr to converse with you?" He said: "No." Hafsah said: "Shall I send for Umar to converse with you?" He said: "No, but I shall send for Uthman." So Uthman came and entered, and they both stood up and lowered the curtain. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to Uthman: "Indeed, you shall be killed as a martyr, so be patient; may Allah grant you patience. And do not ever strip off a shirt that Allah—Mighty and Majestic—has clothed you with for twelve years and six months until you meet Allah while He is pleased with you." Uthman said: "If only the Prophet (pbuh) would supplicate for patience for me." So he said: "O Allah, grant him patience." Uthman then departed, and when he turned away, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "May Allah grant you patience; for you shall be martyred and die while you are fasting, and you shall break your fast with me."

14540 - Ibrahim said: And my father narrated to me, from Abd al-Rahman bin Abi Bakr, from Aisha, that she narrated the like of that to him.

14541 - And on the authority of Abu Abd Allah al-Jisri, who said: I entered upon Aisha while Hafsa bint Umar was with her, and she (Aisha) said to me: "This is Hafsa, the wife of the Prophet (pbuh)." Then she turned to her and said: "I adjure you by Allah to confirm me in a lie or deny me in a truth [that I spoke]: You know that you and I were with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) when he lost consciousness, and I said to you: 'Do you think he has been taken (passed away)?' You said: 'I do not know.' Then he regained consciousness and said: 'Open the door for him.' Then he lost consciousness again, and I said to you: 'Do you think he has been taken?' You said: 'I do not know.' Then he regained consciousness and said: 'Open the door for him.' I said to you: '[Is it] my father or your father?' You said: 'I do not know.' So we opened the door for him, and behold, it was Uthman ibn Affan. When the Prophet (pbuh) saw him, he said: 'Come closer.' He leaned over him and he (the Prophet) whispered something to him that neither I nor you know what it was. Then he raised his head and said: 'Have you understood what I said to you?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Come closer.' He leaned over him again in a similar manner and whispered something to him that we do not know what it was. Then he raised his head and said: 'Have you understood what I said to you?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Come closer.' He leaned over him with a deep leaning and whispered something to him, then he raised his head and said: 'Have you understood what I said to you?' He said: '[Yes], my ears have heard it and my heart has grasped it.' So he said to him: 'Go out.' He (the narrator) said: Then Hafsa said: 'O Allah, yes'—or she said: 'O Allah, it is truth.'

14542 - And in a narration by al-Tabarani as well: "Nothing took me by surprise except that Uthman was kneeling on his knees, saying: 'Is it through injustice and transgression, O Messenger of Allah (pbuh)?' So I assumed that he had informed him of his killing."

14543 - And from Muhammad ibn Sirin: That a man in Kufa testified that Uthman ibn Affan was killed as a martyr, so the guards seized him and lifted him up, and they said: "If we were not forbidden from killing anyone, we would have killed him; he claims that he testifies that Uthman—may Allah be pleased with him—was killed as a martyr." Then the man said to Ali: "And you testify that he is a martyr!! Do you remember that I came to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and asked him, and he gave to me; and I came to Abu Bakr and asked him, and he gave to me; and I came to Umar and asked him, and he gave to me; and I came to Uthman ibn Affan and asked him, and he gave to me?" He said: "Then I came to the Prophet (pbuh) and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, supplicate to Allah to bless me,' so the Prophet (pbuh) said: 'How shall He not bless you when a Prophet, a Truthful One (Siddiq), and two martyrs have given to you? When a Prophet, a Truthful One, and two martyrs have given to you? When a Prophet, a Truthful One, and two martyrs have given to you?'"

14544 - And from Aslam—the freed slave of ‘Umar—who said: I witnessed ‘Uthman on the day he was besieged in the place of funerals, and if a stone were thrown, it would not have fallen except upon the head of a man. I saw ‘Uthman looking out from the small window that is adjacent to the Station of Gabriel (pbuh), and he said: "O people, is your Prophet Talhah?" They remained silent. Then he said: "O people, is Talhah among you?" They remained silent. Then he said: "O people, is Talhah among you?" So Talhah ibn ‘Ubayd Allah stood up, and ‘Uthman said to him: "Do I see you here? I did not think that you would be among a group of people who hear my call for the third time and then do not answer me!! I adjure you by Allah, O Talhah, do you remember the day when you and I were with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) in such-and-such a place, and there was no one with him from his companions except me and you?" He said: "Yes." He said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to you: 'O Talhah, indeed, there is no Prophet but that he has a companion from his community with him in Paradise, and indeed this ‘Uthman'—meaning me—'is my companion in Paradise.'" Talhah said: "O Allah, yes!" Then he departed.

14545 - And on the authority of Abd Allah ibn Abi Rafi, from his mother, who said: Sa'bah bint al-Hadrami came out, and we heard her saying to her son Talhah ibn Ubayd Allah: "Indeed, Uthman's siege has become severe, so if only you would speak regarding him so that he might be relieved." She said: And Talhah was washing one side of his head and did not answer her, so she inserted her hands into the sleeve of her garment and brought out her breasts and said: "I adjure you by that I carried you and breastfed you that you must do [so]." So he stood up and twisted the sides of the hair of his head until he tied it while it was wet from washing, then he went out until he came to Ali while he was sitting beside his house. Talhah said—and with him were his mother and the mother of Abd Allah ibn Abi Rafi—: "If only you would relieve the people from this man, for his siege has indeed become severe." He said: "By Allah, I do not like anything of this that he dislikes."

14546 - And from Abdullah ibn Salam: that he said when the people were agitated regarding the matter of Uthman: O people, do not kill this elder, but rather seek amends from him; for no nation kills its Prophet and their affairs then prosper until the blood of seventy thousand of them is shed, and no nation kills its Caliph and their affairs then prosper until the blood of forty thousand of them is shed. But they did not heed what he said and they killed him. Later, he sat waiting for Ali on the path and asked: Where do you intend to go? He replied: I intend for the land of Iraq. He said: Do not go to Iraq; you should remain by the pulpit of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). Some people from the companions of Ali leaped toward him and intended to harm him, but Ali said: Leave him, for he is from us, the People of the Household. When Ali was killed, Abdullah said to Ibn Ma'qil: This is the peak of the forty thousand, and there will be a reconciliation upon its conclusion; and no nation kills its Prophet except that seventy thousand are killed for him, and no nation kills its Caliph except that forty thousand are killed for him.

14547 - And from Abdul-Malik ibn ‘Umayr: That Muhammad ibn Yusuf ibn ‘Abdullah ibn Salam sought permission to enter upon al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, and he was granted permission. He entered and offered the greeting of peace. Al-Hajjaj ordered two men who were near the couch to make room for him, so they made room for him and he sat down. Al-Hajjaj said to him: "May God bless your father! Do you know a Hadith that your father related to Abdul-Malik ibn Marwan from your grandfather ‘Abdullah ibn Salam?" He replied: "Which Hadith—may God have mercy on you—near a Hadith?" He said: "The Hadith of the Egyptians when they besieged ‘Uthman." He said: "I have known that Hadith. ‘Abdullah ibn Salam approached while ‘Uthman was besieged, so he went and entered upon him. They made room for him until he entered. He said: 'Peace be upon you, O Commander of the Faithful.' He (‘Uthman) replied: 'And upon you be peace. What has brought you, O ‘Abdullah ibn Salam?' He said: 'I have come to remain firm until I am martyred or Allah grants you victory, and I do not see these people except as your killers; for if they kill you, that is better for you and worse for them.' ‘Uthman said: 'I ask you by the right I have over you that you go out to them; perhaps it is a good that Allah brings about through you, and an evil that Allah repels through you.' So he heard and obeyed, and he went out to them. When they saw him, they gathered around him, thinking that he had come to them with something they would be pleased with. He stood as a speaker, praised Allah and extolled Him, then said: 'To proceed, indeed Allah—Mighty and Majestic—sent Muhammad (pbuh) as a bearer of glad tidings and a warner; to give glad tidings of Paradise to those who obey him and to warn of the Fire those who disobey him. He made the one who followed him prevail over all religion, even if the polytheists dislike it. Then He chose for him the dwellings; He chose for him Medina, making it the abode of migration and the abode of faith. By Allah, the angels have not ceased surrounding Medina since the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) arrived in it until today, and the sword of Allah has remained sheathed from you since the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) arrived in it until today.' Then he said: 'Indeed, Allah sent Muhammad (pbuh) with the truth; so whoever is guided, he is only guided by the guidance of Allah, and whoever goes astray, he only goes astray after the clarification and the proof. Indeed, no Prophet was killed in the past except that seventy thousand fighters were killed because of him, all of them being killed for him. And no Caliph was ever killed except that thirty-five thousand fighters were killed because of him, all of them being killed for him. So do not be hasty in killing this elderly man; for by Allah, no man among you shall kill him except that he will meet Allah on the Day of Resurrection with his hand severed and paralyzed. And know that there is no right for a child over a father except that this elderly man has the like of it over you.' He said: They said: 'The Jews have lied, the Jews have lied.' He said: 'By Allah, you have lied and you are sinners. I am not a Jew; I am one of the Muslims, as Allah, His Messenger, and the believers know. And Allah has revealed in the Quran: {Say: "Sufficient is Allah as a witness between me and you, and whoever has knowledge of the Scripture"} [Ar-Ra'd: 43], and He has revealed the other verse: {Say: "Have you considered: if the [Quran] was from Allah, and you disbelieved in it while a witness from the Children of Israel has testified to something similar and believed while you were arrogant?"} [Al-Ahqaf: 10].' He said: Then they rose and entered upon ‘Uthman and slaughtered him as lambs (hillaan) are slaughtered. Shu'ayb said: I said to Abdul-Malik ibn ‘Umayr: 'What are hillaan?' He said: 'The lamb.' He said: ‘Uthman had said to Kathir ibn al-Salt: 'O Kathir, by Allah, I am to be killed tomorrow.' He said: 'Rather, may Allah elevate your status and suppress your enemy.' He said: Then he repeated it a third time and he said the like of that. Then he said: 'O Commander of the Faithful.' He said: 'I saw the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and with him were Abu Bakr and ‘Umar, and he said to me: "O ‘Uthman, you are with us tomorrow, and you are to be killed tomorrow."' By Allah, I am indeed to be killed. He said: So he was killed. ‘Abdullah ibn Salam went out to the people before they dispersed and said: 'O people of Egypt, O killers of ‘Uthman, you have killed the Commander of the Faithful; by Allah, there shall not cease to be a broken covenant, spilled blood, and divided wealth. May you never be quenched.'"

14548 - And from Kulthum al-Khuza'i, who said: Abdullah—meaning Ibn Mas'ud—said: "It would not please me that I had shot Uthman with an arrow that missed him—I think he said: intending to kill him—even if I were to possess the equivalent of Mount Uhud in gold."

14549 - And on the authority of Abu al-Aswad al-Dili, who said: I heard Abu Bakrah saying: For me to fall from the sky and be torn to pieces is more beloved to me than to have participated in the shedding of the blood of Uthman.

14550 - And on the authority of Al-Hasan, who said: I reached the era of Uthman when I had, at that time, nearly reached the age of puberty. I heard him while he was delivering a sermon and I witnessed him as he was saying: "O people, what is it that you resent about me?" He [Al-Hasan] said: And there was not a day except that they were distributing abundant goodness therein. He [Uthman] would say: "O people, come early for your stipends," and they would go early and receive them in full. Then it would be said: "O people, come early for your clothing," and fine garments would be brought and distributed among them. Al-Hasan said: The enemy was repelled, the stipends were flowing, the internal relations were good, and the goodness was abundant. There was no believer on earth who feared another believer; whomever one met from any of the tribes was his brother, receiving his affection and his support. Fitna only occurred if a sword was drawn against him.

14551 - And on the authority of al-Hasan, who said: The swordsman of Uthman narrated to me: That a man from the Ansar entered upon Uthman, and [Uthman] said: "Go back, O son of my brother, for you are not my killer." He asked: "How do you know that?" [Uthman] replied: "Because you were brought to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) on your seventh day; he performed tahnik for you and supplicated for blessings for you." He said: Then another man from the Ansar entered upon him, and [Uthman] said: "Go back, O son of my brother, for you are not my killer." He asked: "And by what do you know that?" [Uthman] replied: "Because you were brought to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) on your seventh day; he performed tahnik for you and supplicated for blessings for you." He said: Then Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr entered upon him, and [Uthman] said: "You are my killer." He [Muhammad] asked: "And what makes you know [that], O Na'thal?" [Uthman] replied: "Because you were brought to the Prophet (pbuh) on your seventh day so that he might perform tahnik for you and supplicate for blessings for you, but you defecated upon the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)." He said: So he [Muhammad] leaped upon his chest and seized his beard. [Uthman] said: "If you do [this], it would have been hard for your father to see you harm me." Then he stabbed him in his upper chest with broad-headed arrows that were in his hand.

14552 - And on the authority of Abu Salama bin Abd al-Rahman, who said: When the man struck the hand of Uthman, he [Uthman] said: "Indeed, it is the first hand that wrote the Mufassal."

14553 - And on the authority of Yazid ibn Abi Habib: that the majority of the party who marched against 'Uthman went insane.

14554 - And on the authority of Muhammad ibn Sirin, who said: The wife of Uthman said when they surrounded him: Do you intend to kill him? Whether you kill him or leave him, he used to spend the entire night in prayer in a single rak'ah in which he would complete the recitation of the Qur'an.

14555 - And on the authority of Al-Sha'bi, who said: Masruq met Al-Ashtar, and Masruq said to Al-Ashtar: "Did you kill Uthman?" He replied: "Yes." He (Masruq) said: "Indeed, by Allah, you killed him while he was one who frequently fasted and prayed during the night." He said: Then Al-Ashtar went and informed 'Ammar. So 'Ammar came to Masruq and said: "By Allah, he would lash 'Ammar, exile Abu Dharr, and restrict the public grazing lands, yet you say: 'You killed him while he was one who frequently fasted and prayed during the night'?" Masruq said to him: "By Allah, you did not do either of two things: you did not retaliate with the like of what you were afflicted with, nor did you practice patience, which is better for those who are patient." He said: It was as if he had silenced him (literally: fed him a stone). He said: And Al-Sha'bi said: "No woman of the Hamdan tribe has ever given birth to anyone like Masruq."

14556 - And on the authority of Abu al-Darda, who said: "There is no Medina after Uthman, and no prosperity after Mu'awiyah." And the Prophet (pbuh) said: "Indeed, Allah promised me the conversion of Abu al-Darda to Islam, and so he embraced Islam."

14557 - And from Adi bin Hatim, he said: A man said when Uthman was killed: "Not even two goats will butt heads over this matter." I said: "Nay, rather many eyes will be gouged out because of it."

14558 - And on the authority of Malik—meaning Ibn Anas—who said: Uthman was killed, and he remained cast away upon the refuse-heap of the children of so-and-so for three days. Twelve men came to him, among them: my grandfather Malik ibn Abi Amir, Huwaytib ibn Abd al-Uzza, Hakim ibn Hizam, Abdullah ibn al-Zubayr, and Aisha bint Uthman. They had with them a lamp in a container, and they carried him on a door, and his head was making a sound against the door: tap, tap, until they reached al-Baqi' with him. They differed regarding the funeral prayer over him, so Hakim ibn Hizam prayed over him, or Huwaytib ibn Abd al-Uzza—Abd al-Rahman was uncertain. Then they intended to bury him, but a man from Banu Mazin stood up and said: "If you bury him with the Muslims, I shall certainly inform the people tomorrow." So they carried him until they reached Hush Kawkab. When they lowered him into his grave, Aisha bint Uthman cried out, so Ibn al-Zubayr said to her: "Be silent! For by Allah, if you do it again, I shall surely strike that which contains your eye." When they had buried him and leveled the earth over him, Ibn al-Zubayr said to her: "Cry out now as much as you wish to cry out." Malik said: Before that, Uthman used to pass by Hush Kawkab and say: "A righteous man shall surely be buried here."

And on the authority of Sahm bin Hubaysh—who was among those who witnessed the killing of Uthman—he said: When it was evening, I said: "If you leave your companion until morning, they will mutilate him." So they took him to Baqi' al-Gharqad, and we prepared a place for him in the depths of the night. Then we carried him, and a dark mass enveloped us from behind, and we were struck with awe of them until we were almost about to scatter away from him. Then a caller called out: "Do not be afraid, stand firm, for we have come to witness [the burial] with you." Ibn Hubaysh used to say: "By Allah, they were the angels."

14560 - And on the authority of Fulfulah al-Ju'fi, who said: I heard al-Hasan bin Ali saying: "I saw the Prophet (pbuh) in a dream clinging to the Throne, and I saw Abu Bakr holding onto the waist of the Prophet (pbuh), and I saw Umar holding onto the waist of Abu Bakr, and I saw Uthman holding onto the waist of Umar, and I saw blood pouring from the sky to the earth." Al-Hasan related this Hadith while a group of the Shi'a were present with him, and they said: "And did you not see Ali?" Al-Hasan replied: "There was no one more beloved to me to see holding onto the waist of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) than Ali, but it was a vision I saw." Then Abu Mas'ud said: "You are narrating from al-Hasan bin Ali concerning a vision he saw, yet we were with the Prophet (pbuh) during a military expedition, and the people were afflicted by such hardship that I saw distress on the faces of the Muslims and joy on the faces of the hypocrites. When the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saw that, he said: 'By Allah, the sun shall not set until Allah brings you provision.' Uthman knew that Allah and His Messenger would be truthful, so Uthman purchased fourteen riding camels along with the food they were carrying, and he sent nine of them to the Prophet (pbuh). When the Prophet (pbuh) saw that, he asked: 'What is this?' They said: 'Uthman has gifted this to you.' He (Abu Mas'ud) said: Then joy was recognized on the faces of the Muslims and distress on the faces of the hypocrites. I saw the Prophet (pbuh) raising his hands until the whiteness of his armpits was visible, supplicating for Uthman with a supplication I never heard him make for anyone before: 'O Allah, give to Uthman; O Allah, do [this] for Uthman.'"

14561 - And from al-Hasan also, he said: O people, I saw a wondrous thing in my dream last night; I saw the Lord, Exalted is He, above His Throne. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) came until he stood by one of the pillars of the Throne. Then Abu Bakr came and placed his hand on the shoulder of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). Then Umar came and placed his hand on the shoulder of Abu Bakr. Then Uthman came and stood a short distance away, and he said: "My Lord, ask Your servants why they killed me?" He said: Then two spouts of blood poured from the sky onto the earth. He said: It was said to Ali: "Do you not see what al-Hasan is narrating?" He said: "He narrates what he saw."

14562 - And in a narration: That Al-Hasan said: "I will not fight after a vision I saw" – then he mentioned something similar to it – except that he said: "And I saw Uthman placing his hand upon Umar, and I saw blood before them, so I said: 'What is this?' It was said: 'The blood of Uthman, for which Allah is seeking retribution.'"

14563 - And on the authority of Muslim Abi Sa'id - the freed slave of Uthman ibn Affan -: that Uthman ibn Affan manumitted twenty owned slaves, and he called for trousers and fastened them tightly upon himself, though he had never worn them during the pre-Islamic period of ignorance nor in Islam, and he said: "Indeed, I saw the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) last night in a dream, and I saw Abu Bakr and Umar, and they said to me: 'Be patient, for you shall break your fast with us this coming night.'" Then he called for a Mushaf and spread it out before him, and he was killed while it was still before him.

14564 - And on the authority of Qatadah, who said: Al-Zubayr prayed over Uthman and buried him, and he [Uthman] had appointed him as his executor.

14565 - And on the authority of Zahdam al-Jarmi, who said: Ibn Abbas addressed us and said: "If the people had not sought retribution for the blood of Uthman, they would have been pelted with stones from the sky."

14566 - And from 'Abdullah bin Sa'id, from his father, who said: We were sitting with 'Ali bin Abi Talib, and on his right was 'Ammar bin Yasir, and on his left was Muhammad bin Abi Bakr, when Ghurab bin Fulan al-Suda'i came and said: "O Commander of the Faithful, what do you say concerning 'Uthman?" The two men preceded him in answering and said: "Are you asking about a man who disbelieved in Allah after his faith and committed hypocrisy?!" The man said to them: "I am not asking you, nor did I come to you." Then he ('Ali) said to him: "I do not say what they have said." They both said to him together: "Then why did we kill him?" He said: "He ruled over you and performed poorly in his governance in his final days, and you became agitated and acted poorly in your agitation. By Allah, I truly hope that I and 'Uthman will be as Allah - Mighty and Majestic - said: {And We will have removed whatever is within their breasts of resentment, [they will be] as brothers on thrones facing each other} [Al-Hijr: 47]."

14567 - And from Abu al-Aswad, who said: I heard Talq ibn Khushaf saying: We traveled as a delegation to Medina to investigate the matter for which Uthman was killed. When we arrived, we passed by some of the family of Ali, some of the family of al-Husayn ibn Ali, and some of the Mothers of the Believers. I proceeded until I came to Aisha and greeted her with peace. She returned the greeting and asked, "Who is the man?" I replied, "From the people of Basra." She asked, "And from which of the people of Basra?" I replied, "From Bakr ibn Wa’il." She asked, "And from which [clan] of Bakr ibn Wa’il?" I replied, "From the tribe of Qays ibn Tha’labah." She said, "From the family of so-and-so?" I then said to her, "O Mother of the Believers, for what reason was Uthman, the Commander of the Faithful, killed?" She replied, "By Allah, he was killed unjustly. May Allah curse whoever killed him. May Allah take retribution from the son of Abu Bakr for him, may Allah bring humiliation upon A'yan ibn Taym in his own home, may Allah shed the blood of the sons of Budayl upon their misguidance, and may Allah direct one of His arrows toward al-Ashtar." By Allah, there was not a single man among that group except that her supplication was fulfilled against him.

14568 - And on the authority of al-Hasan, who said: The transgressive Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr was captured in one of the mountain passes of Egypt, then he was placed inside the belly of a donkey and burned.

14569 - And on the authority of 'Alqamah bin Waqqas, who said: We gathered in the house of Makhramah - after Uthman had been killed - intending to give the pledge of allegiance. Abu Jahm bin Hudhayfah said: "Whoever among us we give the pledge to, we shall not stand in the way of legal retribution." Ammar then said: "As for the blood of Uthman, then no." Abu Jahm said: "Allah! O son of Sumayya!! By Allah, shall retaliation be exacted for lashes that you were lashed, yet no retaliation is exacted for the blood of Uthman?" He said: So we dispersed that day without a pledge of allegiance.

14570 - And on the authority of ‘Umayr bin Rudiyy, who said: ‘Ali addressed the people and said: "O people, indeed, by Allah, if none were to enter the Fire except those who killed ‘Uthman, I would not enter it; and if none were to enter Paradise except those who killed ‘Uthman, I would not enter it." He said: So when he descended, it was said to him: "You have spoken a statement by which you have alienated your companions from you." So he addressed them again and said: "O people, indeed Allah – Mighty and Majestic – killed ‘Uthman and I am with Him..."

And by his chain, he said: Ali addressed them, and they interrupted his sermon, so he said: "I was only weakened on the day of Uthman's killing." And he struck a parable for them: the parable of three bulls and a lion who gathered in a thicket: a black one, a red one, and a white one. Whenever the lion wanted one of them, they would gather against him and fend him off. So the lion said to the black one and the red one: "This white one only exposes us and makes us conspicuous in this thicket of ours. So leave me to eat him, for my color is like your colors, and your colors are like my color." So he attacked him, and it was not long before he killed him. Then he said to the black one: "This red one only exposes us and makes us conspicuous in our thicket. So leave me to eat him, for my color is like your color, and your color is like my color." So he attacked him and killed him. Then he said to the black one: "Indeed, I am eating you." He said: "Let me cry out three times." He then said: "Behold, I was only eaten the day the white one was eaten! Behold, I was only eaten the day the white one was eaten! Behold, I was only eaten the day the white one was eaten!" [Ali said:] "Behold, I was only weakened the day Uthman was killed."

14572 - And from Mughirah, who said: Jarir, Adi bin Hatim, and Hanzala al-Katib departed from Kufa to Qarqisya, and they said: "We will not reside in a town in which Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) is reviled."

14573 - And on the authority of Yahya bin Bukayr, who said: The Shura (consultation) took place, and the people reached a consensus upon Uthman three days before the end of Dhu al-Hijjah in the year twenty-three. Uthman was killed on Friday, on the eighteenth day of Dhu al-Hijjah at the completion of the year thirty-five, and his age was eighty-eight years. He used to dye his beard yellow, and the caliphate of Uthman lasted twelve years.

14574 - And on the authority of Qatadah: That 'Uthman was killed while he was ninety or eighty-eight years old.

14575 - And on the authority of al-Miswar bin Makhramah, who said: The caliphate of ‘Uthman was twelve years.

14576 - And on the authority of Al-Zubayr ibn Bakkar, who said: Uthman ibn Affan was killed on Friday, when eighteen days had passed of Dhu al-Hijjah in the year thirty-six, after the Asr prayer, and he was eighty-two years old, and he was fasting on that day.

14577 - And on the authority of Abu Qilaba: that a man from Quraysh called Thumama was the governor of Sana'a. When the news of the killing of Uthman reached him, he delivered a sermon and wept intensely. When he regained his composure and recovered, he said: "Today, the Caliphate of Prophethood has been snatched from the Ummah of Muhammad (pbuh) and has become kingship and tyranny; whoever seizes something prevails over it."

14578 - And in a narration: On the authority of Thumamah bin ‘Adi - and he possessed companionship [of the Prophet (pbuh)].

14579 - Al-Tabarani said: Abu Khalifa recited to me, saying: Abu Muhammad al-Tuzi recited to us. Abu Khalifa said: And I asked al-Riyashi about it, and he said: It is by Hassan bin Thabit: And you abandoned the military expeditions through the mountain passes and came to fight a people near the grave of Muhammad (pbuh). Most wretched indeed is the guidance of the righteous you have followed, and most wretched is the deed of the diligent worshiper.

14580 - Abu Khalifah recited to us, saying: Al-Abbas ibn al-Fadl al-Riyashi recited to us the poetry of Layla al-Akhyaliyya: Does his nation hope for good after Uthman? He was the most excellent of those who walk upon a leg. The Caliph of Allah, he gave to them and bestowed upon them what there was of sweet gold and silver. So do not deny the promise of Allah and fear Him, and do not be in apprehension over anything. And do not say of a thing, "I shall do it," for Allah has already decreed what a man is destined to encounter.

14581 - On the authority of Az-Zubayr bin al-Awwam who said: "The Prophet (pbuh) executed a man from Quraysh while restrained (Sabran) on the day of the Conquest [of Makkah], then he said: 'No Qurayshi shall be executed while restrained after this day, except for a man who kills Uthman bin Affan; so kill him, for if you do not do so, you will be slaughtered like the slaughtering of sheep.'"

14582 - On the authority of Jabir bin Abdullah, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say: "People are from diverse trees, while Ali and I are from a single tree."

14583 - And al-Tabarani said: Ali ibn Abi Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib ibn Hashim ibn Abd Manaf ibn Qusay ibn Kilab ibn Murrah ibn Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy ibn Ghalib ibn Fihr ibn Malik; his agnomen was Abu al-Hasan, and he witnessed the Battle of Badr.

14584 - He said: And Abd Allah ibn Ahmad ibn Hanbal narrated to us: My father narrated to me, saying: I was informed by Banu Hashim: that Abu Talib's name was Abd Manaf ibn Abd al-Muttalib, and Abd al-Muttalib's name was Shaybah ibn Hashim, and Hashim's name was 'Amr ibn Abd Manaf ibn Qusay, and Qusay's name was Zayd.

14585 - And al-Zubayr ibn Bakkar said: The mother of ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib was Fatimah bint Asad ibn Hashim ibn ‘Abd Manaf ibn Qusay. It is said that she was the first Hashimite woman to give birth to a child for a Hashimite man. She embraced Islam and migrated to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) in Madinah, and she died and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) buried her. Her mother was Fatimah bint Harim ibn Rawahah ibn Hujr ibn ‘Abd Ma‘is ibn ‘Amir ibn Lu’ayy.

14586 - On the authority of Abu Ishaq, who said: I went out with my father to the Friday prayer while I was a young boy. When 'Ali emerged and ascended the pulpit, my father said to me: "Stand up, O 'Amr, and look at the Commander of the Faithful." He said: So I stood up, and there he was standing on the pulpit; his beard and head were white, and he was wearing a lower garment (izar) and an upper cloak (rida'), and he was not wearing a shirt (qamis). He said: I did not see him sit on the pulpit until he descended from it. I said to Abu Ishaq: "Did he perform the Qunut?" He replied: "No."

14587 - And in a narration: I did not see him dye his beard; he was large-headed.

14588 - And on the authority of Shu'bah, who said: I asked Abu Ishaq: "Are you older than al-Sha'bi?" He replied: "Al-Sha'bi is older than me by a year or two." He [Shu'bah] said: And Abu Ishaq saw Ali, and he used to describe him to us as: having a large belly and a receding hairline. Shu'bah said: And Abu Ishaq was older than Abu al-Bakhtari, and Abu al-Bakhtari did not reach Ali nor did he see him.

And on the authority of Abu Raja' al-'Utaridi, who said: I saw 'Ali, of [dignified] manner, bald-headed, as if by his side was a sheepskin.

14590 - And on the authority of al-Sha'bi, who said: I saw Ali upon the pulpit, with a white beard that filled the space between his shoulders. Yahya ibn Sa'id added in his narration: "and upon his head were some fine hairs."

14591 - From al-Waqidi, who said: It is said: Ali ibn Abi Talib was dark-complexioned, of medium height, well-built, broad-shouldered, long-bearded, bald, large-bellied, thick-eyed, and white-haired in the head and beard.

14592 - And from Abu al-Tufayl, who said: A statement of Ali was mentioned to Abu Mas'ud, so he said: "Have you not seen his head like a basin, while what is around it is like leather socks?"

14593 - From Abu al-Tufayl, who said: "The Prophet (pbuh) came while Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) was sleeping in the dust, and he said: 'Indeed, the most deserving of your names is Abu Turab; you are Abu Turab.'"

14594 - And on the authority of Ammar ibn Yasir: that the Prophet (pbuh) gave Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) the agnomen of Abu Turab, and it was among the most beloved of his agnomens to him.

14595 - From Ma’qil ibn Yasar, who said: I performed ablution for the Prophet (pbuh) one day, and he said: "Would you like to visit Fatima?" I said: "Yes." So he stood up, leaning on me, and said: "Indeed, someone other than you shall bear her weight, and the reward for it shall be yours." He said: "It was as if there was no weight upon me until we entered upon Fatima (may Allah be pleased with her). He (the Prophet) said: 'How do you find yourself?' She said: 'By Allah, my grief has intensified, my poverty has worsened, and my illness has been prolonged.'"
Abdullah said: I found in my father's book, in his own handwriting regarding this Hadith, that he (the Prophet) said: "Are you not pleased that I have married you to the one who was the earliest of my Ummah in Islam, the most abundant of them in knowledge, and the greatest of them in forbearance?"

14596 - And from Abu Ishaq: that when Ali married Fatimah, she said to the Prophet (pbuh): "You have married me to him while he is blear-eyed and has a large belly." So the Prophet (pbuh) said: "I have indeed married you to him, and he is the first of my companions in Islam, the most knowledgeable of them, and the greatest of them in forbearance."

14597 - And from Abu Dharr and Salman, they both said: The Prophet (pbuh) took the hand of Ali and said: "Indeed, this is the first to believe in me, and this is the first to shake hands with me on the Day of Resurrection. This is the Greatest Truthful One, and this is the Distinguisher of this nation who distinguishes between truth and falsehood. This is the leader of the believers, and wealth is the leader of the wrongdoers." It was narrated by al-Tabarani and al-Bazzar from Abu Dharr alone, and in it he said: "You are the first who believed in me," and in it he said: "and wealth is the leader of the disbelievers."

14598 - And from Ibn Abbas, from the Prophet (pbuh) who said: "The foremost ones are three: the foremost to Moses was Joshua son of Nun, the foremost to Jesus was the companion of Yasin, and the foremost to Muhammad (pbuh) was Ali ibn Abi Talib - may Allah be pleased with him."

14599 - And on the authority of Salman who said: The first of this nation to arrive at its Prophet (pbuh) is the first of them to embrace Islam, Ali bin Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him).

14600 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: The first to embrace Islam was Ali (may Allah be pleased with him).

14601 - And from Habbah al-'Urani who said: I saw Ali (peace be upon him) laughing on the pulpit; I had never seen him laugh more than he did then, until his molars were visible. Then he said: I remembered the statement of Abu Talib. Abu Talib came upon us while I was with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and we were praying in the valley of Nakhlah. He said: "What are you two doing, O my nephew?" So the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) invited him to Islam, and he said: "There is nothing wrong with what you two are doing [or with what you two are saying], but [by Allah], my posterior shall never be higher than me ever." So Ali laughed in amazement at his father's words, then he said: "O Allah, I do not acknowledge that any servant of Yours from this nation worshipped You before me other than Your Prophet" - three times - "I have indeed prayed seven [years] before the people prayed."

14602 - And on the authority of Ali, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was commissioned on Monday, and I embraced Islam on Tuesday."

14603 - And on the authority of Al-Hasan and others, he said: The first who believed was Ali ibn Abi Talib, and he was fifteen or sixteen years old.

And on the authority of Urwa bin al-Zubayr, who said: Ali embraced Islam when he was eight years old.

And from Afif al-Kindi, who said: I was a merchant, so I came to Makkah and approached al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib to purchase some trade goods from him, as he was also a merchant. He said: By Allah, I was with him at Mina when a man emerged from a tent near him and looked toward the sky. When he saw that it [meaning the sun] had declined, he stood up to pray. Then a woman emerged from that tent from which the man had emerged, and she stood behind him to pray. Then a youth who had nearly reached the age of puberty emerged from that tent and stood with him to pray. He said: I said to al-Abbas, "O Abbas, what is this?" He said, "This is Muhammad (pbuh), the son of my brother, the son of Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Muttalib." He said: I said, "Who is this woman?" He said, "This is his wife, Khadijah daughter of Khuwaylid." He said: I said, "Who is this youth?" He said, "This is Ali ibn Abi Talib, his cousin." He said: I said, "What is this that he is doing?" He said, "He is praying, and he claims that he is a prophet, and none have followed him in his matter except his wife and this youth, his cousin; and he claims that the treasures of Khosrow and Caesar will be opened for him." He said: And Afif—who was the cousin of al-Ash'ath ibn Qays—would say, after he had later embraced Islam and his Islam had become excellent: "If only Allah had granted me Islam on that day, so that I would have been a second with Ali ibn Abi Talib." Narrated by Ahmad and Abu Ya'la similarly, and al-Tabarani with multiple chains, and the narrators of Ahmad are trustworthy.

14606 - And on the authority of Abu Rafi', who said: The Prophet (pbuh) prayed on Monday, and Khadijah prayed on Monday at the end of the day, and Ali prayed on Tuesday. Thus, Ali remained praying in secrecy for seven years and some months before anyone else prayed.

14607 - And on the authority of Ali, who said: "I am the first who prayed with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)."

14608 - And from Zaid bin Arqam, who said: "The first person to pray with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was Ali." Amr said: "I mentioned that to Ibrahim, but he rejected it and said: 'Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him).'"

14609 - And on the authority of Abu Rafi', who said: "The Prophet (pbuh) was commissioned as a prophet on Monday, and Ali embraced Islam on Tuesday."

14610 - On the authority of Rabah ibn al-Harith, who said: "A group of people came to Ali at al-Rahba and said: 'Peace be upon you, O our master (Mawlana).' He said: 'How can I be your master while you are an Arab people?' They said: 'We heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying on the day of Ghadir Khumm: "Whomever I am his master, then this one is his master."' Rabah said: 'When they departed, I followed them and asked: "Who are these people?" They said: "A group of the Ansar, among whom is Abu Ayyub al-Ansari."'" It was narrated by Ahmad and al-Tabarani, except that he stated: They said: "We heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say: 'Whomever I am his master, then Ali is his master. O Allah, befriend whoever befriends him, and be the enemy of whoever is his enemy.' And here is Abu Ayyub among us." Then Abu Ayyub removed the turban from his face and said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say: 'Whomever I am his master, then Ali is his master. O Allah, befriend whoever befriends him, and be the enemy of whoever is his enemy.'"

14611 - On the authority of 'Amr Dhu Murr and Zayd bin Arqam, they both said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) delivered a sermon on the day of Ghadir Khumm, saying: "Whomever I am his master, then 'Ali is his master. O Allah, befriend those who befriend him, be the enemy of those who are his enemies, support those who support him, and help those who help him."

14612 - And on the authority of Abu al-Tufayl, who said: "Ali gathered the people in the courtyard, then he said to them: 'I adjure by Allah every Muslim man who heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say what he said on the day of Ghadir Khumm to stand up.' So thirty people stood up." Abu Nu'aym said: "Many people stood up and testified to the moment when he took his [Ali's] hand and said: 'Do you know that I have more right over the believers than their own selves?' They said: 'Yes, O Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'Whomever I am his master, then this one is his master. O Allah, befriend those who befriend him, and be an enemy to those who are his enemies.'" He [Abu al-Tufayl] said: "I went out as if there was something in my soul, so I met Zayd ibn Arqam and said to him: 'I heard Ali say such and such.' He replied: 'What do you find objectionable? I indeed heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say that.'"

14613 - And on the authority of Sa'id bin Wahb, who said: Ali—peace be upon him—implored the people, and five or six of the companions of the Prophet (pbuh) stood up and testified that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Whomever I am his master, then Ali is his master."

14614 - And from 'Amr ibn Dhi Murr, Sa'id ibn Wahb, and from Zayd ibn Yuthay', they said: "We heard 'Ali saying: 'I adjure by Allah any man who heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say on the day of Ghadir Khumm what he said to stand up.' So thirteen men stood up and testified that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'Am I not closer to the believers than their own selves?' They said: 'Yes, O Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'Then he took the hand of 'Ali and said: "Whomsoever I am his master, then this is his master. O Allah, befriend those who befriend him, and be the enemy of those who are hostile to him, and love those who love him, and hate those who hate him, and support those who support him, and forsake those who forsake him."'"

And from Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Layla, who said: I witnessed Ali in the courtyard (al-Rahba) adjuring the people: "I adjure by Allah any person who heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say concerning me on the day of Ghadir Khumm: 'Whomsoever I am his master, then Ali is his master,' that he should stand and testify." Abd al-Rahman said: Then twelve men who had participated in the Battle of Badr stood up—it is as if I am looking at one of them wearing trousers—and they said: "We testify that we heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say on the day of Ghadir Khumm: 'Am I not closer to the believers than their own selves, and my wives are their mothers?' We said: 'Indeed, O Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'Whomsoever I am his master, then Ali is his master. O Allah, befriend those who befriend him, and be the enemy of those who are hostile to him.'"

14616 - And on the authority of Zayd bin Arqam, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) gave orders regarding the trees, so the ground beneath them was swept and sprinkled, then he delivered a sermon to us. By Allah, there is nothing that shall occur until the Day of Resurrection except that he informed us about it on that day. Then he said: 'O people, who is more entitled to you than your own selves?' We replied: 'Allah and His Messenger are more entitled to us than our own selves.' He said: 'Whomever I am his master (mawla), then this one is his master'—referring to Ali. Then he took his hand and extended it, then said: 'O Allah, befriend whoever befriends him, and be an enemy to whoever is an enemy to him.'"

14617 - And from Dawud ibn Yazid al-Awdi, from his father, who said: "Abu Hurayrah entered the mosque, and the people gathered around him. A young man stood up before him and said: 'I adjure you by Allah, did you hear the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying: "Whomever I am his master, Ali is his master; O Allah, befriend those who befriend him, and be the enemy of those who are his enemies"?' He said: 'I bear witness that I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying: "Whomever I am his master, Ali is his master; O Allah, befriend those who befriend him, and be the enemy of those who are his enemies."'"

14618 - And on the authority of Ibn 'Umar, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'Whomever I am his master, then 'Ali is his master. O Allah, befriend those who befriend him, and be the enemy of those who are his enemies.'"

14619 - And on the authority of Zayd ibn Arqam who said: 'Ali adjured the people, saying: "I adjure by Allah any man who heard the Prophet (pbuh) say: 'Whomever I am his master, then 'Ali is his master. O Allah, befriend those who befriend him, and be an enemy to those who are his enemies'?" So twelve veterans of Badr stood up and bore witness to that. I was among those who concealed [the testimony], so my sight was lost.

14620 - And in a narration according to him: And Ali had invoked [supplication] against whoever concealed [the testimony].

14621 - And on the authority of Malik ibn al-Huwayrith, he said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Whomever I am his master, then Ali is his master."

14622 - And on the authority of Habashi bin Junadah, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying on the day of Ghadir Khumm: "O Allah, whomever I am his master, then Ali is his master. O Allah, befriend those who befriend him, and be the enemy of those who are his enemies, and support those who support him, and assist those who assist him."

14623 - And on the authority of Jarir, who said: We attended the season during the Farewell Pilgrimage with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). We reached a place called Ghadir Khumm, and he called out: "The prayer is gathering!" So we, the Muhajirun and the Ansar, gathered together. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) stood in our midst and said: "O people, to what do you bear witness?" They said: "We bear witness that there is no god but Allah." He said: "Then what?" They said: "And that Muhammad is His servant and His messenger." He said: "Then who is your guardian?" They said: "Allah and His Messenger are our master." He said: "Who is your guardian?" Then he struck his hand upon the upper arm of Ali—may Allah be pleased with him—and raised him. He raised his arm and took hold of his forearms, then said: "Whomever Allah and His Messenger are his master, then this one is his master. O Allah, befriend whoever befriends him, and be an enemy to whoever is an enemy to him. O Allah, whoever among the people loves him, be a lover to him, and whoever hates him, be a hater to him. O Allah, I do not find anyone to whom I may entrust [him] on earth, after the two righteous servants, other than You; so decree for him that which is best."

14624 - And on the authority of Ziyad bin Abi Ziyad, who said: I heard Ali bin Abi Talib adjuring the people, saying: "I adjure by Allah any Muslim man who heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say what he said on the day of Ghadir Khumm to stand up." So twelve veterans of Badr stood up and testified.

And on the authority of Nadhir, who said: I heard Ali saying on the Day of the Camel to Talhah: "I adjure you by Allah, O Talhah, did you hear the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying: 'O Allah, befriend whoever befriends him, and be the enemy of whoever is his enemy'?" He said: "Yes." Then he remembered and departed.

14626 - And on the authority of Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) took the hand of 'Ali and said: "Am I not more entitled to the believers than their own selves? Whomever I am his guardian, then 'Ali is his guardian."

14627 - And on the authority of Sa'id bin Wahb, from Zayd bin Yuthay' who said: "Ali - peace be upon him - adjured the people at the Rahbah: 'Whoever heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say [something] on the day of Ghadir Khumm, let him stand up.' He said: So six stood up from the side of Sa'id, and seven from the side of Zayd, and they testified that they heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say to Ali on the day of Ghadir Khumm: 'Am I not more entitled to the believers?' They said: 'Indeed.' He said: 'O Allah, whomever I am his master, Ali is his master. O Allah, befriend whoever befriends him, and be hostile to whoever is hostile to him.'"

14628 - And on the authority of Ali: that the Prophet (pbuh) said on the day of Ghadir Khumm: "Whomever I am his master, then Ali is his master." He said: And the narrators added thereafter: "O Allah, befriend those who befriend him, and show enmity to those who show enmity to him."

And on the authority of Zayd ibn Arqam, who said: Ali—may Allah be pleased with him—called upon the people to testify, saying: "I adjure by Allah—the Mighty and Sublime—any man who heard the Prophet (pbuh) say: 'O Allah, whomever I am his master, then Ali is his master. O Allah, befriend those who befriend him, and be the enemy of those who are his enemies.'" He said: "So sixteen men stood up and testified."

14630 - And from Zadhan Abu 'Umar, who said: I witnessed 'Ali in the Rahbah while he was adjuring the people, saying: "Who witnessed the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) on the day of Ghadir Khumm while he was saying what he said?" So thirteen [men] stood up and testified that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) on the day of Ghadir Khumm said: "Whomever I am his master, then 'Ali is his master."

14631 - And on the authority of Humaid bin 'Umarah, who said: I heard my father saying: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying—while he was holding the hand of 'Ali: "Whomever I am his master, then this one is his master. O Allah, befriend those who befriend him, and be an enemy to those who are hostile to him."

14632 - And from Ibn Abbas: that the Prophet (pbuh) said: "Whomever I am his master, Ali is his master."

14633 - On the authority of 'Umayrah bint Sa'd, who said: I witnessed 'Ali upon the pulpit adjuring the companions of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh): "Whoever heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) [on the day of Ghadir Khumm] saying what he said, let him testify." Thereupon, twelve men stood up, among them: Abu Hurairah, Abu Sa'id, and Anas bin Malik, and they testified that they heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying: "Whomsoever I am his master, then 'Ali is his master. O Allah, befriend whoever befriends him and be hostile to whoever is hostile to him."

14634 - And from Umayr ibn Sa'd: That Ali gathered the people in the courtyard (al-Rahbah) while I was a witness, and he said: "I adjure by Allah any man who heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say: 'Whomever I am his master, then Ali is his master'?" Thereupon, eighteen men stood up and testified that they heard the Prophet (pbuh) say that.

14635 - And on the authority of Abu Sa'id, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'Whomsoever I am his master, Ali is his master.'"

14636 - And on the authority of Malik ibn al-Huwayrith, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'Whomever I am his master, then Ali is his master.'"

And on the authority of Abdullah—meaning Ibn Mas'ud—who said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) taking the hand of Ali, and he said: "This is my ally, and I am his ally."

And from Buraydah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent us on a military expedition and appointed 'Ali as our leader. When we returned, he asked: "How did you find your companion?" Either I complained about him or someone else complained about him. He said: Then he raised his head—and I was a man who frequently looked down—and there was the Prophet (pbuh), his face having turned red, saying: "Whomever I am his guardian, then 'Ali is his guardian." So I said: I will never displease you regarding him ever again.

14639 - And on the authority of Ziyad bin Mutarrif, on the authority of Zaid bin Arqam—and sometimes he did not mention Zaid bin Arqam—who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Whoever desires to live as I lived, die as I died, and dwell in the Garden of Eternity which my Lord—Mighty and Majestic is He—promised me, having planted its branches with His Hand; then let him take Ali bin Abi Talib as a patron; for he will never lead you out of guidance, and he will never lead you into misguidance."

14640 - On the authority of Ammar bin Yasir, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "I enjoin whoever believes in me and has attested to my truthfulness with the guardianship of Ali bin Abi Talib. Whoever takes him as a guardian has indeed taken me as a guardian, and whoever takes me as a guardian has indeed taken Allah - the Mighty and Majestic - as a guardian. And whoever loves him has indeed loved me, and whoever loves me has indeed loved Allah the Exalted. And whoever hates him has indeed hated me, and whoever hates me has indeed hated Allah - the Mighty and Majestic."

14641 - And on the authority of Wahb ibn Hamzah, who said: I accompanied Ali [from Medina] to Mecca and I saw from him some of what I disliked, so I said: "If I return, I shall certainly complain about you to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)." When I arrived, I met the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and said: "I saw from Ali such and such." He said: "Do not say this; for he is the most entitled of the people to you after me."

14642 - On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to 'Ali: 'You are to me in the position of Aaron to Moses, except that there is no prophet after me.'"
Narrated by Ahmad and al-Bazzar, except that he [al-Bazzar] said: "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to 'Ali during the expedition of Tabuk: 'I have left you in charge of my family.' 'Ali said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I hate for the Arabs to say: He failed his cousin and stayed behind from him.' He said: 'Are you not pleased that you are to me in the position of Aaron to Moses, except that there is no prophet after me?'"

14643 - And on the authority of Asma bint Umays: That the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to Ali: "You are to me in the position of Harun to Musa, except that there is no prophet after me."

14644 - And on the authority of Umm Salama: That the Prophet (pbuh) said to 'Ali: "Are you not satisfied to be to me as Aaron was to Moses? Except that there is no prophet after me."

14645 - And on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas: That the Prophet (pbuh) said to 'Ali: "Are you not pleased that you are to me in the position of Aaron to Moses? Except that there is no prophet after me."

14646 - And on the authority of Habashi bin Junadah al-Saluli, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to Ali: "You are to me in the position that Aaron was to Moses, except that there is no prophet after me."

14647 - And from Ibn ‘Umar: that the Prophet (pbuh) said to ‘Ali: "Are you not satisfied to be to me as Aaron was to Moses? Except that there is no prophethood after me and no inheritance."

14648 - And from Ali: that the Prophet (pbuh) intended to go on an expedition, so he called Jafar and ordered him to stay behind in Medina. He (Jafar) said: "I will never stay behind after you." Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent for me and called me. He strictly enjoined upon me that I should stay behind before I could even speak, so I wept. He asked, "What makes you weep?" I said, "I weep for several reasons. Tomorrow the Quraysh will say: 'How quickly he stayed behind from his cousin and failed him!' And another reason makes me weep: I wanted to seek Jihad in the cause of Allah; because Allah - Mighty and Majestic - says: {Nor do they tread any ground that enrages the disbelievers, nor do they inflict upon an enemy any infliction but that is registered for them as a righteous deed. Indeed, Allah does not allow to be lost the reward of the doers of good} [At-Tawbah: 120]. Thus, I wanted to seek that reward. And another reason makes me weep: I wanted to seek the bounty of Allah." The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "As for your saying that the Quraysh will say: 'How quickly he stayed behind from his cousin and failed him'; then you have an example in me, for they have said: '[He is] a sorcerer, a soothsayer, and a liar.' As for your saying that you seek reward from Allah; are you not pleased to be to me as Aaron was to Moses? Except that there is no prophet after me. As for your saying that you seek the bounty of Allah; here are two loads of pepper that have come to us from Yemen. Sell them and enjoy the proceeds, you and Fatima, until Allah brings you of His bounty."

From Ali, who said: I suffered from a pain, so I came to the Prophet (pbuh). He made me stand in his place, stood to pray, and cast the edge of his garment over me. Then he said: "You have recovered, O son of Abu Talib; there is no harm upon you. I did not ask Allah for anything except that I asked for the like of it for you, and I did not ask Allah - the Mighty and Majestic - for anything except that He granted it to me, except that it was said to me: 'There is no prophet after you.'"

On the authority of Ali: That the Prophet (pbuh) said: "I have left you behind to be my successor." He said: "Am I to remain behind you, O Messenger of Allah?" He said: "Are you not satisfied that you are to me in the position of Aaron to Moses? Except that there is no prophet after me."

14651 - And on the authority of Jabir - meaning Ibn Samurah - who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to 'Ali: 'You are to me in the position that Aaron was to Moses, except that there is no prophet after me.'"

And on the authority of Abu Ayyub: That the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to Ali: "You are to me in the position that Aaron was to Moses, except that there is no prophet after me."

14653 - And on the authority of al-Bara' bin 'Azib and Zayd bin Arqam: that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to Ali when he intended to go on a military expedition: "It is necessary that either I remain or you remain." So he left him behind. Then some people said: "He only left him behind due to something he disliked." This reached Ali, so he came to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and informed him. He [the Prophet] laughed and then said: "O Ali, are you not pleased to be to me as Aaron was to Moses? Except that there is no prophet after me."

14654 - And from Ibn Abbas, he said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to Umm Salama: 'This is Ali bin Abi Talib; his flesh is my flesh and his blood is my blood, and he is to me in the position that Aaron was to Moses, except that there is no prophet after me.'"

14655 - On the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: When the Prophet (pbuh) established brotherhood among his companions from the Migrants and the Helpers, and did not establish brotherhood between Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) and any of them, Ali went out in anger until he reached a rivulet and used his forearm as a pillow, and the wind blew dust over him. The Prophet (pbuh) searched for him until he found him, nudged him with his foot, and said to him: "Rise, for you are fit for nothing but to be Abu Turab (Father of Dust). Were you angry with me when I established brotherhood between the Migrants and the Helpers and did not establish brotherhood between you and any of them? Are you not pleased to be to me as Aaron was to Moses, except that there is no prophet after me? Verily, whoever loves you shall be surrounded by security and faith, and whoever hates you, Allah will cause him to die the death of the Pre-Islamic Ignorance, and he will be held to account for his deeds in Islam."

14656 - And on the authority of Jabir bin Abdullah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "It is written on the gate of Paradise: 'There is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, Ali is the brother of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh),' two thousand years before the creation was created."

14657 - On the authority of Abu Umama: That the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) established brotherhood among the people, and he established brotherhood between himself and Ali - may Allah be pleased with him.

14658 - On the authority of Sharahil ibn Murrah, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say to Ali: "Glad tidings, O Ali; your life is with me, and your death is with me."

14659 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: When the Prophet (pbuh) married Ali to Fatima, Fatima said: "O Messenger of Allah, you have married me to a poor man who has nothing." So the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Are you not pleased, O Fatima, that Allah has chosen from the people of Paradise two men, one of whom is your father and the other is your husband?"

14660 - On the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: Allah did not reveal: "O you who have believed" except that he [Ali] is its leader and its noble. Allah has indeed admonished the companions of Muhammad (pbuh) in more than one place, but He did not mention Ali except with goodness.

And on the authority of Jami' bin 'Umayr: that his mother and his maternal aunt entered upon 'Aisha, and he mentioned the Hadith until he said: They both said: So inform us about Ali. She said: About what are you asking? About a man who placed his hand in such a position from the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) that his soul flowed into his hand, and he wiped his face with it? And they differed concerning his burial, so he said: Indeed, the most beloved of lands to Allah is the place in which He took the soul of His Prophet. They said: So why did you go out against him? She said: It was a matter decreed, and I wish I could ransom it with whatever is on the earth.

Narrated from Umm Salamah, who said: "By the One I swear by, Ali was the closest of people in time to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)." She said: "We visited the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) morning after morning, and he would say: 'Has Ali come?' repeatedly." She said: "And I think he had sent him on some errand." She said: "Then he came afterward, and I thought that he (the Prophet) had a need for him, so we left the house and sat near the house, and I was the closest of them to the door. Ali leaned over him and began to whisper to him and speak to him privately. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) passed away on that same day, and he (Ali) was the closest of people to him in time."

14663 - On the authority of Dhu'ayb: that when the Prophet (pbuh) was nearing death, Safiyyah said: "O Messenger of Allah, every woman among your wives has family to whom she may turn for refuge, but you have uprooted my family. So if an event occurs, to whom should I go?" He said: "To Ali ibn Abi Talib."

And from Ibn Abbas, he said: "We used to discuss that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) entrusted Ali with seventy covenants that he did not entrust to anyone else."

And on the authority of Ali, who said: When this verse was revealed: "And warn your closest kindred" [ash-Shu'ara: 214], he said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) gathered those from the members of his household, and thirty men gathered for him, so they ate and drank. He said: Then he said to them: "Who will guarantee on my behalf my debt and my promises, and be with me in Paradise, and be my successor among my family?" A man—whom Sharik did not name—said: "O Messenger of Allah, you have been like a sea; who can undertake this?" He said: Then he spoke to another, offering that to the members of his household, and Ali said: "I will."

From Jabir bin Abdullah, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) called al-Abbas bin Abdul-Muttalib and said: "Guarantee my debt and my promises on my behalf." He said: "I cannot bear that." His son, Abdullah bin Abbas, reproached him, saying: "May Allah deal with you, O elder! The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) calls you to fulfill his debt and promises on his behalf." He (al-Abbas) said: "Leave me be, for the son of my brother outvies the wind (in generosity)." Then he called Ali bin Abi Talib and said: "Guarantee my debt and my promises on my behalf." He said: "Yes, they are my responsibility." So he guaranteed them on his behalf. When wealth was brought to Abu Bakr, he said: "This is the wealth of Allah and what Allah has bestowed as spoils upon the Muslims; the most deserving priority is what is fulfilled on behalf of His Prophet (pbuh)." He then called the people, saying: "Whoever had a debt or a promise from the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), let him come and take it." Jabir was among those who came, and he said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to me: 'If wealth comes to us, we would scoop for you like this and like this.'" He (Abu Bakr) said to him: "Take as the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to you." So he took three handfuls as the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) had commanded him.

14667 - And on the authority of Anas, from the Prophet (pbuh), who said: "Ali will fulfill my debt."

14668 - And from Salman, who said: I said, "O Messenger of Allah, indeed every prophet had an executor, so who is your executor?" He remained silent toward me. Then, after some time, he saw me and said, "O Salman." I hastened to him and said, "At your service." He said, "Do you know who was the executor of Moses?" I said, "Yes, Joshua son of Nun." He said, "Why?" I said, "Because he was the most knowledgeable of them at that time." He said, "Then indeed my executor, the repository of my secret, the best of those I leave behind after me, who fulfills my promise, and pays my debt, is Ali ibn Abi Talib."

14669 - It was previously mentioned concerning his conversion to Islam: "That the Prophet (pbuh) said to Fatimah: 'Are you not pleased that I have married you to the one who is the foremost of my nation in Islam, the most abundant of them in knowledge, and the greatest of them in forbearance?'"

And on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "I am the city of knowledge, and Ali is its gate; so whoever desires knowledge, let him approach it through its gate."

14671 - On the authority of Zayd bin Arqam, who said: Some of the companions of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) had doors opening into the mosque. He said: So he said one day: "Close these doors except for the door of Ali." He said: Then some people spoke about that. He said: Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) stood up, praised Allah and extolled Him, and said: "To proceed, I have indeed ordered the closing of these doors except for the door of Ali, and some of you have spoken regarding it. By Allah, I did not close anything nor did I open it, but rather I was commanded with something and I followed it."

14672 - And from Abdullah bin al-Raqim al-Kinani, who said: We set out for Medina during the time of the Battle of the Camel, and we met Sa'd bin Malik there, and he said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) ordered the closing of the doors opening into the mosque, and he left the door of Ali. It was narrated by Ahmad, Abu Ya’la, al-Bazzar, and al-Tabarani in al-Awsat, and he added: They said, "O Messenger of Allah, you have closed all our doors except for the door of Ali." He said, "I did not close your doors, but rather Allah closed them."

14673 - And on the authority of Ali ibn Abi Talib, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) took me by my hand and said: "Indeed, Moses asked his Lord that his mosque be made manifest through Aaron, and I asked my Lord that my mosque be made manifest through you and your offspring." Then he sent word to Abu Bakr: "Close your door." So he uttered the formula of returning to Allah, then said: "I hear and I obey," and he closed his door. Then he sent word to Umar, then he sent word to al-Abbas with the same instruction. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "It was not I who closed your doors and opened the door of Ali, but rather Allah opened the door of Ali and closed your doors."

14674 - And from Ali, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Go and command them that they should close their doors." So I went and told them, and they did so except for Hamza. I said: "O Messenger of Allah, they have done so except for Hamza." Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Tell Hamza to move his door." So I said: "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) commands you to move your door." So he moved it, and I returned to him [the Prophet] while he was standing in prayer, and he said: "Return to your house."

14675 - And on the authority of al-Ala' bin al-Arar, who said: Ibn Umar was asked about Ali and Uthman, and he said: "As for Ali, do not ask about him; look at his position relative to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh); for he closed our doors in the mosque and kept his door open. As for Uthman, he committed a great sin on the day the two hosts met, but Allah forgave him; and he committed a sin among you lesser than that, and you killed him."

14676 - And on the authority of Jabir bin Samurah, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) ordered the closing of all the doors except for the door of Ali. Al-Abbas said: 'O Messenger of Allah, [allow me] just enough space for me alone to enter and exit.' He replied: 'I have not been commanded regarding any of that.' So he closed them all except for the door of Ali." He said: "And he [Ali] would perhaps pass through it while he was in a state of major ritual impurity."

On the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: When he removed the people of the mosque and left Ali, the people spoke regarding that. This reached the Prophet (pbuh), and he said: "I did not remove you of my own accord, nor did I leave him; rather, Allah removed you and left him. I am only a commanded servant; whatever I have been commanded with, I have performed. I follow nothing but what is revealed to me."

14678 - And on the authority of Muhammad ibn Ali, from Ibrahim ibn Sa'd, from his father, and from Muhammad ibn Ali as a mursal report, he said: "A group of people were with the Prophet (pbuh) and Ali arrived. When Ali entered, they left. After they had left, they blamed one another, and some of them said to others: 'By Allah, nothing made us leave, so let us return.' The Prophet (pbuh) then said: 'By Allah, I did not bring him in and make you leave, but rather Allah brought him in and made you leave.'"

14679 - On the authority of Kharjah bin Sa'd, from his father Sa'd, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to Ali: 'It is not permissible for anyone to be in a state of major ritual impurity in this mosque except for me and you.'"

14680 - On the authority of Abdullah—meaning Ibn Mas'ud—who said: We used to say that the best of the people of Medina was Ali bin Abi Talib.

14681 - And from him, he said: "I recited seventy Surahs to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), and I completed the recitation of the Quran before the best of people, Ali ibn Abi Talib."

14682 - And from Anas bin Malik: that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Who is the master of the Arabs?" They said: "You, O Messenger of Allah." So he said: "I am the master of the children of Adam, and Ali is the master of the Arabs."

14683 - On the authority of Umm Salama, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) used to be such that when he became angry, no one would dare to speak to him except Ali."

14684 - On the authority of Zadhan: that Ali narrated a Hadith and a man accused him of lying. Ali said: "I shall supplicate against you if you are lying." The man said: "Supplicate." So he supplicated against him, and he did not leave until his sight was gone.

14685 - On the authority of Jabir, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'A man from the people of Paradise will appear to you from behind this wall.' He said: Then Abu Bakr appeared, and we congratulated him for what the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) had said. Then he remained for a short while, then he said: 'A man from the people of Paradise will appear from behind this wall.' Then Umar appeared, and we congratulated him for what the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) had said. Then he said: 'A man from the people of Paradise will appear from behind this wall; O Allah, if You will, make it Ali.' He said this three times. He said: Then Ali appeared."

14686 - And in a narration: "O Allah, make him exalted."

14687 - On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud, who said: We were sitting with the Prophet (pbuh) when he said: "A man from the people of Paradise will appear before you." Then 'Ali ibn Abi Talib entered, offered the greeting of peace, and ascended.

14688 - And from Abu Ja'far: Muhammad bin Ali, from his father, from his grandfather, he said: Gabriel came to the Prophet (pbuh) and said: "O Muhammad, indeed Allah loves three of your companions, so love them: Ali bin Abi Talib, Abu Dharr, and al-Miqdad bin al-Aswad." He said: Then Gabriel came to him and said: "O Muhammad, indeed Paradise longs for three of your companions." Anas bin Malik was with him, and he hoped that it would be for some of the Ansar. He said: So he wanted to ask the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) about them but was awestruck by him. He went out and met Abu Bakr and said: "O Abu Bakr, I was with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) just now, and Gabriel came to him and said: 'Indeed Paradise longs for three of your companions.' I hoped it would be for some of the Ansar, but I was awestruck to ask him. Would you enter upon the Prophet of Allah (pbuh) [and ask him]?" He replied: "I fear that I may ask him and not be among them, and then my people would revile me." Then he met Umar bin al-Khattab and said to him the same as he had said to Abu Bakr. He said: Then he met Ali, and Ali said to him: "Yes. If I am among them, I shall praise Allah, and if I am not among them, I have already praised Allah." So he entered upon the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and said: "Indeed, Anas told me that he was with you just now, and that Gabriel came to you and said: 'O Muhammad, indeed Paradise longs for three of your companions.' So who are they, O Prophet of Allah?" He said: "You are among them, O Ali, and Ammar bin Yasir—who will witness with you battles whose virtue is manifest and whose goodness is great—and Salman is from us, the People of the House, and he is a sincere advisor, so take him for yourself."

14689 - And on the authority of Anas, who said: Gabriel came to the Prophet (pbuh) and said: "O Muhammad, indeed Allah—Glorified and Exalted is He—loves three of your companions, O Muhammad." Then he came to him and said: "O Muhammad, indeed Paradise longs for three of your companions." Anas said: I wanted to ask the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) but I stood in awe of him, so I met Abu Bakr and said: "O Abu Bakr, I was with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) when Gabriel (pbuh) said: 'O Muhammad, indeed Paradise longs for three,' perhaps you are among them." Then I met Umar ibn al-Khattab and said the same to him. Then I met Ali ibn Abi Talib and said to him as I had said to Abu Bakr and Umar. Ali said: "I will ask him. If I am among them, I shall praise Allah—Glorified and Exalted is He—and if I am not among them, I shall praise Allah—Glorified and Exalted is He." So he entered upon the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, indeed Anas narrated to me that Gabriel (pbuh) came to you and said: 'Indeed Paradise longs for three of your companions.' If I am among them, I shall praise Allah—Glorified and Exalted is He—and if I am not among them, I shall praise Allah—the Mighty and Majestic." The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "You are among them, you are among them, and Ammar ibn Yasir—who will witness battles whose merit is clear and reward is great—and Salman is of us, the People of the House (Ahl al-Bayt), so take him as a companion."

And from Ali bin Abi Talib, who said: While the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was holding my hand as we were walking in some of the pathways of Medina, we came upon a garden. I said: "O Messenger of Allah, how beautiful this garden is!" He said: "Indeed, for you in Paradise is better than it." Then we passed by another, and I said: "O Messenger of Allah, how beautiful this garden is!" He said: "For you in Paradise is better than it." Until we had passed by seven gardens, and in every instance I would say: "How beautiful it is," and he would say: "For you in Paradise is better than it." When the path became clear for us, he embraced me and then burst into tears. I said: "O Messenger of Allah, what makes you weep?" He said: "Grudges in the chests of people that they will not manifest to you until after I am gone." He said: I said: "O Messenger of Allah, will this be while my religion is secure?" He said: "While your religion is secure."

14691 - On the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: I went out, along with the Prophet (pbuh) and Ali, into the palm groves of Medina, and they passed by a garden. Ali said: "How beautiful this garden is, O Messenger of Allah!" He replied: "Your garden in Paradise is more beautiful than it." Then he gestured with his hand toward his head [and beard], then he wept until his weeping grew loud. I said: "What makes you weep?" He said: "Resentments in the chests of a people which they will not manifest to you until they have lost me."

14692 - On the authority of 'Amr ibn al-Hamiq, who said: I emigrated to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), and while I was with him one day, he said to me: "O 'Amr, shall I show you the beast of Paradise that eats food, drinks drink, and walks in the marketplaces?" He said: I replied: "Yes, may my father and mother be ransomed for you." He said: "This is the beast of Paradise." And he pointed to 'Ali ibn Abi Talib.

And on the authority of Salma - the wife of Abu Rafi' - that she said: I was with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) in the marketplaces, and he said: "A man from the people of Paradise shall surely appear before you." Then I heard a rustling sound, and behold, it was Ali ibn Abi Talib.

14694 - On the authority of Abdullah - meaning Ibn Mas'ud - that the Prophet (pbuh) said: "Looking at Ali is an act of worship."

14695 - And from Taliq bin Muhammad, who said: I saw 'Imran bin al-Husayn fixing his gaze upon 'Ali. It was said to him regarding that, so he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say: "Looking at 'Ali is an act of worship."

14696 - Narrated from Amr ibn Maymun — meaning al-Awdi — who said: I was sitting with Ibn Abbas when nine groups of people came to him and said: "O Ibn Abbas, either you come with us or these people leave us alone with you." He said: Ibn Abbas said: "Rather, I will come with you." At that time, he was healthy, before he became blind. He said: So they moved aside and spoke privately, and I do not know what they said. He said: Then he came back shaking his garment and saying: "Uff and Tuff! They are attacking a man [who has ten merits, they are attacking a man] to whom the Prophet (pbuh) said: 'I will surely send a man whom Allah will never disgrace, who loves Allah and His Messenger.'" Then those who aspired for it looked for it. He (pbuh) said: "Where is Ali?" They said: "He is at the quarters grinding grain." He (pbuh) said: "Could none of you grind grain?" He said: So he came while suffering from inflammation of the eyes, barely able to see. He said: So he (pbuh) spat into his eyes, then shook the banner three times and gave it to him. He said: Then he [Ali] brought Safiyyah bint Huyayy. He said: Then he [the Prophet] sent so-and-so with Surah al-Tawbah, then he sent Ali after him to take it from him and said: "No one shall convey it except a man who is from me and I am from him." He said: And he (pbuh) said to his cousins: "Which of you will support me in this world and the Hereafter?" They refused, but Ali said: "I will support you in this world and the Hereafter." So he said: "You are my guardian (Wali) in this world and the Hereafter." He said: And he was the first of the people to embrace Islam after Khadijah. He said: And the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) took his garment and placed it over Ali, Fatimah, Hasan, and Husayn and said: "Allah only intends to remove from you the impurity [of sin], O people of the Prophet's household, and to purify you with [extensive] purification." [Al-Ahzab: 33]. He said: And Ali sacrificed himself; he wore the garment of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and then slept in his place. The polytheists were throwing stones at the Messenger of Allah (pbuh). Then Abu Bakr came while Ali was sleeping. He said: Abu Bakr thought he was the Prophet of Allah (pbuh) and said: "O Prophet of Allah." Ali said to him: "The Prophet of Allah (pbuh) has gone towards the Well of Maymunah, so catch up with him." So Abu Bakr went and entered the cave with him. He said: And Ali began to be pelted with stones as the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) used to be pelted, and he was writhing in pain, having wrapped his head in the garment, not uncovering it until morning. Then he uncovered his head, and they said: "You are indeed mean; your companion, when we threw stones at him, would not writhe, but you were writhing, and we found that strange." He said: And he went out with the people for the Battle of Tabuk. He said: So Ali said to him: "Shall I go out with you?" The Prophet (pbuh) said to him: "No." Ali wept, so he said to him: "Are you not pleased to be to me as Aaron was to Moses? Except that you are not a prophet. Indeed, it is not appropriate that I should depart unless you are my successor (Khalifah)." And the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to him: "You are the guardian (Wali) of every believer after me." He said: And he closed the doors of the mosque except for Ali's door. He said: So he used to enter the mosque while in a state of major ritual impurity (Janaba), as it was his path and he had no other way. He said: And he (pbuh) said: "Whomever I am his master (Mawla), then Ali is his master." He said: And Allah has informed us in the Quran that He was pleased with them, with the People of the Tree, for He knew what was in their hearts; has He told us that He became angry with them afterwards? He said: And the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to Umar when he said: "Grant me permission to strike his neck," he said: "And would you do that? What makes you know, perhaps Allah looked at the people of Badr and said: 'Do whatever you wish.'"

14697 - And from Ibn Abbas, he said: Ali possessed eighteen virtues that no one else in this nation possessed.

14698 - And on the authority of Ibn Umar, he said: We used to say during the time of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh): The best of people, then Abu Bakr, then Umar. And indeed, the son of Abi Talib was given three qualities; for me to possess even one of them would be more beloved to me than red camels: the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) married his daughter to him, and she bore children for him; and he closed the doors except for his door in the mosque; and he gave him the banner on the day of Khaybar.

14699 - And from Abu Hurayrah, he said: Umar ibn al-Khattab said: "Ali ibn Abi Talib was granted three characteristics; for me to possess even one of them would be dearer to me than being given red camels." It was asked: "And what are they, O Commander of the Faithful?" He said: "His marriage to Fatimah, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), his residing in the mosque with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) where what is permitted for him therein is not permitted for anyone else, and the banner on the day of Khaybar."

14700 - And on the authority of 'Abdullah bin 'Ukaym, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "Indeed, Allah the Exalted revealed to me three things concerning 'Ali on the night I was taken on the Night Journey: that he is the master of the believers, the leader of the God-fearing, and the commander of the radiant ones."

14701 - And on the authority of Abu al-Hamra', who said: "I saw the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) come to the door of Ali and Fatima for six months, saying: 'Allah only intends to remove from you the impurity [of sin], O people of the [Prophet's] household, and to purify you with [extensive] purification' [al-Ahzab: 33]."

14702 - And on the authority of Abu al-Hamra', the servant of the Prophet (pbuh), he said: I heard the Prophet (pbuh) say: "When I was taken on the Night Journey to the heaven, I entered Paradise, and I saw written on the pillar of the Throne: 'There is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, I supported him with Ali and aided him.'"

14703 - And on the authority of 'Ammar ibn Yasir, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying to 'Ali: "Allah has adorned you with an adornment, and He has not adorned the servants with an adornment more beloved to Him than it, and it is the adornment of the righteous: asceticism in this world. He has made you such that you do not possess anything of the world, and it does not gain anything from you, and He has granted you the love of the needy."

14704 - And on the authority of Ibn Umar, who said: "While I was with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) in a shaded area in Medina and we were looking for Ali, we arrived at a garden wall. We looked and found Ali sleeping on the ground, and he had become covered in dust. The Prophet (pbuh) said: 'I do not blame the people for giving you the agnomen Abu Turab (Father of Dust).' I saw that Ali’s face changed [in expression], and that was distressing to him. So the Prophet (pbuh) said: 'Shall I not please you, O Ali?' He replied: 'Yes indeed, O Messenger of Allah.' He said: 'You are my brother and my minister; you settle my debts, fulfill my promises, and discharge my obligations. Thus, whoever loves you during my lifetime has fulfilled his vow, and whoever loves you during your lifetime after me, Allah shall seal his end with safety and faith, and grant him security on the Day of Great Terror. And whoever dies while hating you, O Ali, has died a death of the Age of Ignorance (Jahiliyyah), and Allah will hold him to account for what he performed in Islam.'"

14705 - And on the authority of Ali, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) searched for me and found me sleeping in a small water channel, so he said: "Rise, for I do not blame the people for calling you Abu Turab (Father of Dust)." He (Ali) said: Then he saw me as if I had felt some discomfort within myself because of that, so he said to me: "By Allah, I shall surely please you. You are my brother and the father of my offspring; you fight for my Sunnah and fulfill my obligations. Whoever died during my time, he is the treasure of Allah, and whoever died during your time, he has fulfilled his term. And whoever dies loving you after your death, Allah will seal his life with safety and faith as long as the sun rises or sets. And whoever dies hating you dies a death of the Pre-Islamic Ignorance (Jahiliyyah), and he will be held accountable for what he did in Islam." Narrated by Abu Ya'la, and in its chain is Zakariyya al-Asbahani, and he is weak.

14706 - On the authority of Ali, who said: I have neither suffered from ophthalmia nor have I had a headache since the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) wiped my face and spat into my eyes on the day of Khaybar when he gave me the banner.

14707 - And on the authority of Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Layla, who said: Ali ibn Abi Talib came out to us in the intense heat wearing winter garments, and he came out to us in the winter wearing summer garments. Then he called for his drinking water, wiped the sweat from his forehead, and then returned to his house. I said to my father: "O my father, did you see what the Commander of the Faithful did? He came out to us in the winter wearing summer garments, and he came out to us in the summer wearing winter garments?" Abu Layla replied: "I did not notice." He then took his son by the hand and went to Ali, and mentioned to him what he had done. Ali said to him: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) had sent for me while I was suffering from ophthalmia, so he spat in my eye and then said: 'Open your eyes.' I opened them and have not suffered from them since then until this moment. He also supplicated for me, saying: 'O Allah, remove from him the heat and the cold.' Thus, I have felt neither heat nor cold until this day of mine."

14708 - And in another narration from him: On the authority of Suwayd ibn Ghaflah, who said: We met Ali while he was wearing two garments in the winter, so we said, "Do not be deceived by this land of ours, for this land of ours is cold and is not like your land." He replied, "Indeed, I used to be sensitive to the cold, but when the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent me to Khaybar, I said, 'I am suffering from ophthalmia.' He then spat into my eyes, and since then I have felt neither heat nor cold, nor have my eyes ever suffered from ophthalmia again."

14709 - And from Abdullah—meaning Ibn Mas'ud—who said: "I saw the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) applying kohl to the eye of Ali with his saliva."

14710 - On the authority of Ali, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said to me, upon my return from a funeral, a statement such that I would not love to have the entire world in exchange for it.

14711 - On the authority of Muhammad ibn Ka'b al-Qurazi: That 'Ali said: I saw myself with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) while I would tie a stone over my stomach due to hunger, and indeed the charity of my wealth now reaches forty thousand dinars.

14712 - And in a narration: "And indeed, my charity today is forty thousand."

On the authority of Ibn ‘Umar, who said: "A man from the Ansar came to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, the Jews have killed my brother.' He (the Prophet) said: 'I shall indeed give the banner to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and whom Allah and His Messenger love; Allah will grant victory through his hands, and He will enable you to reach the killer of your brother.' Thereupon, the companions of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) looked forward to that. Then he sent for ‘Ali and tied the banner for him. ‘Ali said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I am suffering from ophthalmia as you see'—and he was suffering from ophthalmia that day—so he (the Prophet) spat into his eyes, and they never suffered from ophthalmia again after that day; then he proceeded."

14714 - And on the authority of Jumay‘ bin ‘Umayr, who said: I said to ‘Abdullah bin ‘Umar: Narrate to me about ‘Ali. He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) saying on the day of Khaybar: "I shall certainly give the banner to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and whom Allah and His Messenger love." It is as if I am looking at it with the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) as he was embracing it, and ‘Ali bin Abi Talib was suffering from ophthalmia due to the smoke of the fortress, so he handed it over to him. By Allah, the cavalry had not even fully assembled before Allah granted victory through him.

14715 - And on the authority of Abu Layla, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "I will certainly give the banner to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and whom Allah and His Messenger love." Then he called Ali and gave it to him.

14716 - And from 'Imran bin Husayn, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "I shall surely give the banner to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and whom Allah and His Messenger love." So he gave it to 'Ali.

14717 - And from Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent to Khaybar—I believe he said: Abu Bakr—and he returned defeated along with those who were with him. On the following day, he sent Umar, and he returned defeated, charging his companions with cowardice and they charging him with cowardice. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) then said: "I will certainly give the banner tomorrow to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and whom Allah and His Messenger love; he shall not return until Allah grants victory through him." The people were stirred, and he (pbuh) said: "Where is Ali?" He was found to be suffering from an eye ailment, so he (pbuh) spat in his eyes and then handed the banner to him. He brandished it, and Allah granted victory through him.

14718 - From Abu Layla, who said: I said to 'Ali—and he used to converse with him in the evening: "Indeed, the people have found it objectionable that you go out in the heat in a padded garment, and in the winter in two light wraps?!" 'Ali said: "Were you not with us?" I said: "Yes." He said: "Indeed, the Prophet (pbuh) summoned Abu Bakr and tied a banner for him, then sent him. He marched with the people but was defeated, until he returned. Then he summoned 'Umar and tied a banner for him, and he marched, but then he returned defeated with the people. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'I shall certainly give the banner to a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, and whom Allah and His Messenger love; Allah will grant victory through him, and he is not one who flees.' Then he sent for me, and I came to him while I could not see anything. He spat into my eyes and said: 'O Allah, suffice him against the pain of heat and cold.'" So, neither heat nor cold has afflicted me since then.

14719 - On the authority of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) took the banner and shook it, then said: "Who will take it by its right?" Al-Zubayr came and said: "I will," but he (pbuh) said: "Step aside." Then another man stood up and said: "I will," but he said: "Step aside." Then another stood up and said: "I will," but he said: "Step aside." Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: "By Him who has honored the face of Muhammad, I shall certainly give it to a man who does not flee; here, take it, O Ali." So he took it and set out until Allah granted him the conquest of Fadak and Khaybar, and he brought back its Ajwa dates and its dried meat.

14720 - And on the authority of al-Hasan ibn 'Ali, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) would not dispatch 'Ali on any mission except that he gave him the banner."

14721 - And on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbas, who said: "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) handed the banner to ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib while he was twenty years old."

14722 - On the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: It was revealed concerning Ali bin Abi Talib: {Indeed, those who have believed and done righteous deeds, the Most Merciful will appoint for them affection} [Maryam: 96]. He said: "Affection in the hearts of the believers."

14723 - And on the authority of Anas bin Malik, who said: "I used to serve the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), and a roasted bird was served. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'O Allah, bring to me the most beloved of creation to You and to me, to eat with me from this bird.' Then Ali came and knocked at the door, and Anas said: 'Who is this?' He replied: 'Ali.' I said: 'The Prophet (pbuh) is attending to a need,' so he left. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) withdrew and ate, then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'O Allah, bring to me the most beloved of creation to You and to me, to eat with me from this bird.' Then Ali came and knocked at the door forcefully, and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) heard him and said: 'O Anas, who is this?' I said: 'Ali.' He said: 'Let him in.' So he entered, and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'I have asked Allah three times to bring to me the most beloved of creation to Him and to me to eat with me from this bird.' Ali said: 'And I, O Messenger of Allah, have come three times, and every time Anas turned me back.' The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'O Anas, what prompted you to do what you did?' He said: 'I desired for the supplication to reach a man from my people.' The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'A man is not to be blamed for the love of his people.'"

14724 - And in a narration: "I was with the Prophet (pbuh) in a garden, and he had been brought a bird."

14725 - And in a narration: "Umm Ayman gifted a bird between two loaves of bread to the Prophet (pbuh). The Prophet (pbuh) came and said: 'Do you have anything?' So she brought him the bird."

14726 - And it is narrated from Anas bin Malik, who said: "Birds were presented as a gift to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), so he divided them among his wives, and each wife received three. He then spent the morning at the house of one of his wives—Safiyyah or someone else—and she brought them to him. He then said: 'O Allah, bring to me the most beloved of Your creation to You to eat from this with me.' I said: 'O Allah, make him a man from the Ansar.' Then Ali came, and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'O Anas, see who is at the door.' I looked and it was Ali, so I said: 'The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) is occupied.' Then I came and stood before the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), and he said: 'See who is at the door?' And it was Ali. This occurred three times, then he entered walking while I was behind him. The Prophet (pbuh) said: 'What detained you, may Allah have mercy on you?' He said: 'This is the last of three times that Anas turned me away, claiming that you were occupied.' The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) then said: 'What prompted you to do what you did?' I said: 'O Messenger of Allah, I heard your supplication and I loved for it to be someone from my people.' The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said: 'Indeed, a man may love his people; indeed, a man may love his people.' He said it three times."

14727 - And on the authority of Safinah—who was a servant of the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)—he said: "Birds were gifted to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), so I prepared some of them for him. When it was morning, I brought it to him, and he said: 'From where did you get this?' I said: 'From that which I brought yesterday.' He said: 'Did I not tell you not to store food for tomorrow? For every day there is its own provision.' Then he said: 'O Allah, let the most beloved of Your creation to You enter upon me to eat with me from this bird.' Then Ali—may Allah be pleased with him—entered, and he (the Prophet) said: 'O Allah, and to me (as well).'"

14728 - And on the authority of Ibn Abbas, who said: "A bird was brought to the Prophet (pbuh), so he said: 'O Allah, bring to me the most beloved of Your creation to You.' Then Ali came, so he (the Prophet) said: 'O Allah, and to me.'"